AND AGRICULTURE. 39 



is in the greatest quantity, it is a calcareous soil. 

 The word calcareous is made from the Latin word 

 calx, which means lime ; therefore, a calcareous 

 soil is one that contains a great deal of lime. 



Sand and clay, with only a moderate quantity 

 of lime, is called a loam ; if the lime is more 

 abundant, it is then a calcareous loam ; if the 

 clay is in large quantity, with an abundance of 

 lime, it is a calcareous clay. 



When lands contain a large quantity of sand 

 or gravel, they are called light lands ; when the 

 soil contains a large proportion of clay, it is then 

 known as heavy land. 



The light lands are most easily cultivated, and 

 they are often called barley or turnip soils, be- 

 cause they are best fitted for barley, turnips, or 

 green crops. 



Both light and heavy lands require draining. 

 Clay land retains the most water, and it often is 

 seen on the surface of the soil. But sandy soils, 



Questions. What is soil called when lime is in greatest 

 quantity ? What is the meaning of calcareous ? What is 

 loam ? What is a calcareous loam ? What is a calcareous 

 clay ? What are light lands ? What are heavy lands ? What 

 crops are best fitted for light soils ? What lands 'require 

 draining > What difference is there in light and heavy lands 

 as regards water ? 



