ONGAR HUNDRED 



HIGH ONGAR 



A weather-boarded barn is now the only building 

 on the property. 



The manor of NEWARKS NORTON appears to 

 have been granted about 1068 by Ingelric 'the priest' 

 to the college of St. Martin-le-Grand, London. 5* It 

 does not appear among the possessions of the college 

 as recorded in Domesday Book, possibly because of the 

 confusion that existed between the descent of Ingelric's 

 personal property and that of the estates with which he 

 had endowed St. Martin's. When the prebends of St. 

 Martin's were constituted in 11 58 the ninth prebend 

 was endowed with land in Norton and Shelley and was 

 known as that of Norton Newarks.ss According to the 

 late 15th-century statutes of the college this prebend 

 was charged with the support of the vicar sub-deacon.^* 

 King Stephen granted the canons of St. Martin free 

 warren on their lands of Norton. 57 In 1257 Henry III 

 gave them licence to enclose the wood in the prebend 

 of Norton. 58 In 1487 courts were being held in the 

 manor of Newarks Norton by William Stillington." 

 He was no doubt a relative of Robert Stillington, Dean 

 of St. Martin's 1458-85. 



In 1 503 the properties of St. Martin's were given to 

 Westminster Abbey.*" In 1542, when the college was 

 finally suppressed, the gift of Newarks was confirmed 

 to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster.*' In the 

 following year, however, the manor was granted by the 

 king to Sir John Williams and Anthony Stringer, who 

 immediately conveyed it to Sir Richard Rich, later ist 

 Baron Rich.*^ 



In 1 562 Lord Rich conveyed Newarks Norton to 

 John Waylett of Berners Roding, yeoman.*' Waylett 

 died in 1 566.*'' His heir was his son John, but in 1 569 

 the freedom of the manor was granted by the Crown to 

 William, son of John Waylett.*5 A John Waylett was 

 lord of the manor in 1591-1612.** He died in 1612 

 and was succeeded by his son, another John, who held 

 courts in the manor in 1613, 1618, and 1626.*^ 



By 1649 the manor had passed to Richard Stane, 

 lord of the manor of Forest Hall (see above).*' It was 

 thus merged in the Forest Hall estate and subsequently 

 had the same descent. In 1849 Newarks farm con- 

 sisted of 303 acres and was occupied by the owner.*' 

 It was still in hand in 1 862 but was then farmed along 

 with Forest Hall farm, the combined farm containing 

 464 acres.'" 



During the Second World War Newarks became 

 part of the large airfield built in this area, and the farm- 

 house was demolished. In 1 9 1 9 the house was described 

 as being of early-i6th-century date with a cross-wing 

 at the east end. A porch on the south side had an 

 original moulded door-frame. To judge by a photo- 

 graph taken at this time it may originally have been a 

 house with an open hall." 



The manor oiPASLOWHALL alias PASFIELD 

 was given to Waltham Abbey by Earl Harold. The 

 gift was confirmed in 1062 by Edward the Confessor 

 in a charter setting out the bounds of Pasfield.'^ In 

 1086 Pasfield was held by the abbey as a manor and 

 as 2 hides less 30 acres and included woodland suffi- 

 cient for 700 swine.'s The bounds of the manor as 

 given in the charter of 1062 suggest that Pasfield 

 then included a considerable area in the east and south 

 of the parish, extending as far as the Stondon Massey 

 boundary in the south-east and as far as the Roding in 

 the west.7* 



Pasfield remained in the possession of Waltham 

 Abbey until the Dissolution. In 1 199-1 200 the abbot 

 received royal permission to take into cultivation 8 

 acres of land from his pastures at Pasfield.'s Shortly 

 before this, in 1 189, Richard I had granted the abbey 

 60 acres of assarts.'* In 1292 the abbot had licence 

 to sell wood from his forest at Pasfield to the value 



0f;^I0.77 



At the dissolution of the abbey in 1 540 the abbot 

 had a grant for hfe issuing out of a number of manors 

 formerly belonging to the abbey, including Paslow.78 

 In 1 542 the manor of Paslow Hall was granted by the 

 king to George Harper, who immediately conveyed 

 it to Sir Richard Rich, later ist Baron Rich.'' The 

 manor remained in the possession of Rich and his heirs 

 until the death of Charles Rich, 4th Earl of Warwick 

 of that creation, in 1673. At the division of the earPs 

 estates Paslow Hall fell to the share of Robert, Earl of 

 Manchester (d. 1683), the son of Anne, daughter of 

 Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick. 



In 1676 a conveyance of the manor was made to the 

 Earl of Manchester by Mary, dowager Countess of 

 Warwick, as her late husband's executor.'" In 1684 

 Charles, 4th Earl of Manchester, settled Paslow for life 

 on his mother Anne, Countess of Manchester." She 

 died in 1698 but in 1697 the earl sold Paslow with her 

 consent to Sir Josiah Child, ist Bt. (d. 1699), the 

 merchant and financier.'^ In the same year Child 

 settled the manor upon his 3rd son Richard. '3 Richard 

 Child succeeded as 3rd baronet in 1704,''* and was 

 created Viscount Castlemaine (17 18) and Earl Tylney 

 of Castlemaine (173 1).'^ He was also owner of 

 Wanstead, and Paslow Hall descended with Wanstead 

 until after the marriage of Catherine Long to William 

 Wellesley Pole (1812).'* A map of Pasfield Hall in . 

 1 74 1 shows that it then consisted of 692 acres in the 

 centre of the parish. '7 In 1786 Sir James Tylney Long, 

 Bt., mortgaged the manors of Paslow Hal land Fyfield 

 for ^5,000. The mortgage was cleared in 1793.'' 



Unlike Wanstead, Paslow Hall was not sold by 

 William Pole-Tylney-Long-Wellesley. He remained 

 lord of the manor until 1850 or later, by which time 



I* y.C.H. London, i, 555 f. Cf. V.N. 

 Ettex (E.P.N.S.), 71. For Ingelric see 

 Chipping Ongar and Stanford Rivers. 



55 F.C.H. London, \, 557. 



5' Ibid. 



5' Ibid. 556. 



58 Cal Chart. R. 1226-57, 477. 



59 E.R.O., D/DSp M36. 

 »o y.C.H. London,{, 561. 



*' L. & P. Hen. nil, xvii, p. 392. 

 " Ibid, xviii (i), p. 130, 133. See also 

 ibid, xxi (1), p. 680. 

 " Cal. Pat. 1560-3, 547; CP40/1207. 

 <•* C142/147/161. 

 '5 C60/385, no. 7. 

 " E.R.O., D/DSp M36. 

 " Ibid.; C142/339/146. 



*» E.R.O., D/DSp M36. 

 M E.R.O., D/CT 263. 

 70 E.R.O., Fortst Hall Sale Cat. 1862. 

 " Hist. Mon. Com. Essex, ii, 133. For 

 the photo, see Hist. Mon. Com. Recs. 

 '^ Kemble, Cod. Dipl. iv, 154. 



73 y.C.H. Essex, i, 447a. 



74 For an interpretation of the bounds 

 see P.N. Essex (E.P.N.S.), 73 n. It can- 

 not be correct, however, that the boundary 

 ran south along the Roding from Hallsford 

 Bridge. To return to its starting-point it 

 would have had to run north. 



'5 Pipe R. 1200 (Pipe R. Soc. N.s. xii), 



45- 

 '6 Cal. Chart. R. 1226-57, 306. 

 " Cal. Pat. 1281-92, 505. 



181 



78 y.C.H. Essex, ii, 170. 



79 L. 6f P. Hen. yill, xvii, pp. 16 1-2. 

 «o E.R.O., D/DCw T20. 



8> Ibid. 



82 Ibid. The price was ,(^9,000, which, 

 however, included the manor and advowson 

 of Fyfield (q.v.). 



83 Ibid. 



8* G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, iv, 107. 



85 Complete Peerage, iii, 92. 



86 The descent of Wanstead will be 

 given in another volume. 



87 E.R.O., D/DCw P46. 



88 E.R.O., D/DCw T20. The purpose 

 of the mortgage was to raise money to pay 

 a legacy by the last Earl Tylney to hit 

 daughter Lady Dorothy Child. 



