404 



THE VILI,A GARDENER. 



be considered as proceeding f\ 270 



from a mass of rock, just seen 

 above the water. Fig. 274. is a 

 view of a piece of rock and shell- 

 work, with fountains, which may 

 suit a grotto ; jig. 275. repre- 

 sents a globe ; and Jigs. 276. and 

 277. are fountains combined with 

 rock-work. These kinds of foun- 

 tain and their accompaniments 

 have no pretensions to be con- 

 sidered as artistical; but we have 

 given the designs, as they may 

 suit various situations where eco- 

 nomy is an object, and where an 

 amateur would find pleasure in 

 erecting a fountain for himself, 

 with only the assistance of his 

 gardener. There are various 

 kinds of architectural fountains 

 which are, also, from their sim- 

 plicity, suitable for pleasure- 

 groimd scenery in the modern 

 style; such as candelabra, ti-i- 

 pods, columns, vases, &c. Some- 

 times, also, instead of a jet, the 

 character of the scene in which 

 the fountain is to be placed may 



render a drooping, or cascade, fountain more appropriate ; for, by this descrip- 

 tion of fountain, grandeur of effect can be produced with a much smaller 

 quantity of water, and with much less height of reservoir, than in the case 

 of upright jets. Most of the artificial-stone manufacturers and plumbers 

 have a great variety of designs for fountains ; and the hydraulic ram may 

 be obtained from Messrs. Bramah, Piccadilly, or a common forcing-pump 

 may be used. 



476. Flower-gardens differ from those beds of flowers which are often scat- 

 tered on the lawn, in front of a house (so as to constitute a foreground to the 

 distant scenery), by forming a whole of themselves. For this purpose, a 

 flower-garden is, or should be, always surrounded by some sort of boundary, 

 or inclosure, to separate it from the general scenery of the place to which it 

 belongs. This boundary may be variously formed : it may be a border of 

 shrubs ; a fence of trelliswork, either as an espalier or as an arcade ; a 

 conservative wall; a walk covered with trelliswork; a clipped hedge of some 

 kind of evergreen, or an undipped hedge of various shrubs. Whatever kind 

 of boundary is adopted, it is essentially necessary that it should not be so high 

 as to exclude the sun from the area of the garden, or to prevent the free 

 circulation of air round the plants. What the suitable height of the boundary 

 fence may be, to insure the admission of sun and air, depends on the extent 

 of the gai-den, the elevation or depi-ession of its surface, and its aspect; and, if 

 it be of any other form than a circle or a square, whether its longest diameter 



