450 THE VILLA GARDENEK. 



y, Four compartments in tlie bosquet, one laid out as an ericetum, another as a rosarium, a 

 third as an American garden, and the fourth as a flower-garden. 



z. The four principal compartments of the bosquet, planted as an arboretum ; the largest 

 trees being placed adjoining the central walks, and the smallest shrubs bordering the 

 four side walks. In the ancient style, when there were not above a dozen kinds of trees 

 and shrubs in cultivation in any garden in Europe, the walks of the bosquet were 

 bordered by hornbeam or yew hedges, kept regularly clipped ; and the interior of the 

 compartments was kept full of wood, of the kind most abundant (often of the common 

 hazel, for the sake of the nuts), but cut so as never to rise higher than the hedges which 

 bordered the walks, and often cut quite level on the upper surface. Hornbeam was in 

 most common use for bosquet hedges ; but tlie yew was occasionally employed for the 

 same purpose, both in France and England ; and, in Italy, the phillyrea and the ilex, or 

 evergreen oak. 



I, Boundary fence on the south, east, and west sides of the bosquet, the flower-garden, and 

 the kitchen-garden, supposed to be a sunk wall, rising 4^ ft. above the surface, on the side 

 next the bosquet, and showing a sloping ditch on the other side, like that of the modem 

 sunk fence. 



2 2, Portions of the boundary fence, both of the bosquet and the kitchen-garden, formed 

 of open iron palisading, in order that spectators within may see along the avenues in the 

 park. 3 3 3, Commencement of the avenues. 



4 4 4, Terrace walk suiToundiug the flower-garden, to which there are four descents by 

 flights of steps. The fountain in the centre may consist of a group of allegorical flgiu-es, 

 which will not only be in harmony vrith this style of gardening, but will require a smaller 

 quantity of water, and less elevation of fountain-head, to produce an effect, than where a 

 single columnar jet is employed. 



5, A covered way, the roof being glazed, with creepers underneath, to correspond with the 

 veranda (r). Underneath this covered way there are two passages ; one to the kitchen 

 and other under-ground offices (which are all lighted from windows, only half the height 

 of which is above the level of the platform), and the other up a flight of steps to the 

 terrace ; the object of this last passage being to admit of the master or mistress descending 

 to the kitchen-court (Ic), and thence to the poultry-court (i), and to the fruit-room, 

 banqueting-room, &c., by the most direct mode. 



G 6, Situations for sun-dials. 7 7, Situations for statues. 



8 8, Situations for obelisks. 



9, Peach and flg wall, 12 ft. high, \vith broad border. 



10, Conservative wall, 12 ft. high, with a narrow border. 



II, Conservative border, for Cape bulbs, in front of the conservatory. 



12, 12, Holly hedges, 10 ft. high, Avith stone piers, surmounted by vases, at the doorways, 

 angles of intersection, &c. For the holly hedges, brick walls may be wholly or partially 

 substituted, and covered w^h fruit- trees or ornamental shrubs, 



13 13, Stone piers, surmounted by vases. 



Fig. 316. is a slight sketch, showing a bird's-eye view of the whole place. 



497. Remarks. — In this design we have purposely omitted a feature common 

 in the geometrical style ; viz., a moat of water round the house, offices, and 

 gardens ; and the reason we have done so is, that we suppose the situation to 

 be flat in a flat country, and, consequently, that so much stagnant water 

 would be unwholesome. In many cases, also, a broad straight canal would, 

 in ancient times, have been carried on from that part of the moat which was 

 in front of the flower-garden to the boundary of the park ; and this also we 

 have omitted for the same reason. The bosquet, in some cases, would have 

 had one of its compartments laid out as a labyrinth, which we have not shown, 

 because we prefer devoting the whole of the bosquet to a collection of trees 

 and shrubs. We would not, however, omit the labyrinth, not only because it 

 is one of the features of the style, but because we observe that in those few 

 places wlieie labyrinths at present exist in England, they are always great 



