484 



THE VILLA GARDENER. 



359 



the manner shown in fig. 359. In 

 this figure, a represents cords attached 

 to two opposite sashes, and passing 

 over pulleys fixed on the ridge-piece ; 

 after which, under the stage (c), they 

 are joined together at h, which repre- 

 sents a weight attached to a pulley, 

 and which weight is sufficiently 

 heavy to balance the two sashes. 

 By this arrangement, either sash or 

 both sashes may be let down at plea- 

 sure, to any length desired. When 

 they are drawn closely up, the 

 weight (6) is within 2 in. of the floor 

 {d); but, if it wei-e necessary, an 

 opening might be made in the floor 

 for the descent of the weight to the 

 extent of 2 or 3 feet. On inspecting 

 the figure, it will appear evident that 

 a cap, such as that described in fig. 

 357., may be balanced and raised in 

 a similar manner, as shown in fig. 

 360., and as practised in the case of 

 chandeliers in churches and ball- 

 rooms. In this figure, the weight (e) 

 may have a basket or saucer attached » 



to it, so as to admit of disguising it, by ■ " 



surrounding it with pots of hanging 



plants. In this case, however, there should be heavier and lighter weights to 



hook on at pleasure, so that, with the addition of the pots of plants, the total 



weight should be no more than just 



suflScient to balance the cap. 



532. Regulation of temperature. — 

 In the case of small green-houses, 

 where a regular gardener is not kept, 

 a provision for preventing the house 

 from becoming over-heated, which 

 will act independently of human 

 assistance, is very desirable. There 

 are many contrivances of this kind ; 

 some, such as Kewley's autortiaton 

 gardener, calculated for regulating 

 the temperature to the greatest 



nicety; and others for merely preventing great extremes of heat. The 

 simplest and most economical modfe is to have a hinged pane in the upper 

 part of one of the upright sashes, opening inwards. To the lower part 

 of this pane one end of a coi-d is attached, and the other is joined to a 

 netting which encloses a bladder nearly filled with air, and air-tight. A 

 string from the other end of the bladder is attached to any fixed point near 

 at hand. The bladder should be moderately distended, by filling it with air 



