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universals, which belong to metaphysics. Medicine 

 again was a confusion of spheres, as was theology ; 

 the care of the soul and the care of the body were 

 the ends of knowledge, and their means contained 

 all knowledge. Thus when we hear that Alcuin 

 ordered the formal teaching of medicine, it was 

 under the name of " Physica " ; and not until the 

 Physics of Aristotle came to light did the various 

 branches of natural history become in their turn 

 not only definite studies but also self-sufficient, 

 aside from the art of healing. To this day the 

 healer keeps the name of " physician " ; and the 

 subject at Cambridge the name of Physic. It is 

 well to be reminded that although the soldiers of 

 truth must be separated into several regiments, 

 nevertheless for its edification the healing art 

 must draw, directly or indirectly, on all natural 

 science. Robert of Lincoln, Albert of Cologne, 

 and all the Masters of that time studied medicine 

 that is ra Availed as a solid part of knowledge, 

 which in their apprehension was not only a whole 

 but also a manageable whole. Even Francis Bacon 

 did not realise fully the littleness of man in the 

 presence of nature ; he hoped that for his harvest 

 man would on a right method by, let us say, 

 a reformed astrology and a reformed alchemy 



