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century in Padua (Pomponatius) and elsewhere, 

 when the "economy," ironic or disingenuous, of 

 allotting their several spheres to reason and 

 dogma, if not first invented, became as fashion- 

 able as in the pulpits and in the drawing- 

 rooms of Mayfair. " Comme savant j 'ignore tout ; 

 comme citoyen je crois tout." The Hypotyposes 

 Pyrrhonice of Sextus Empiricus, whose influence 

 in the times of the Renascence was considerable, 

 was not translated till the fourteenth century. The 

 detachment of mind and shrewd wisdom of John 

 of Salisbury foreshadowed Petrarch rather than 

 Hume ; and when John discusses what it is given 

 to man to know, asking the frequent question, 

 " Utrum contingat hoinini scire aliquid ? ", we must 

 not fall into the error of importing into his question 

 all it connotes for ourselves. Likewise when James 

 of Douay (in MS. De anima, quoted by Haureau) 

 roundly says, "Id quod recipitur ab aliquo non 

 recipitur secundum naturam rei receptoe sed secun- 

 dum naturam recipientis. . .sicut recipitur ita patitur. 

 ...Sensus judicando de sua passione non decipitur" 

 and so on, he knew no more whither this would lead 

 than John Duns knew that his system must lead 

 to that of Spinoza. That guardians of morals and 



