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passionate and adventurous time to preach the de- 

 struction of the animal instincts, or to crush them for 

 the higher life, was a noble idea, but an impossible 

 hope; the animal impulses are to be trained, not sup- 

 pressed, and for this the help of science was to come. 

 Yet science was to be not the hated rival but a 

 necessary ally of religion. It is not within the pro- 

 vince of science to answer the medieval searchings 

 on the nature of being, nevertheless this threshold 

 problem " der Drudenfiiss auf der Schwelle " 

 faces us still ; and the world, so far as we have 

 seen of it, has always demanded a provisional 

 answer. To-day Professor James Ward offers it 

 again in " Supreme Intelligence " ; and Principal 

 Caird ("Fundamental Christianity") yearns for 

 the knowledge of infinite being almost in the 

 words of Plato himself: "If," he cries, "under- 

 neath all the phenomena of the world in which 

 we live we can discern no principle of reason 

 and order, no absolute intelligence and love, then 

 indeed" this world is a "meaningless waste." 



Gilbert Galileo and Harvey, Maxwell Hertz 

 and Darwin have taught men not that the specu- 

 lations of the schoolmen were over-bold, for they 

 busied themselves with no speculations bolder or 



