76 SCIENCE SKETCHES. 



are not migratory, or only to a limited extent. In 

 northern regions they descend to the sea, where 

 they grow much more rapidly, and assume a nearly 

 uniform silvery-gray color. The different species 

 are found in all suitable waters throughout the 

 northern parts of both continents, except in the 

 Rocky Mountains and Great Basin, where only 

 the black-spotted trout occur. The number of 

 species of charr is very uncertain, as, both in 

 America and Europe, trivial variations and indi- 

 vidual peculiarities have been raised to the rank 

 of species. More types, however, seem to be rep- 

 resented in America than in Europe. 



The only really well-authenticated species of 

 charr in European waters is the Red Charr, Salb- 

 ling, or Ombre Chevalier (Salvelinus alpinus). 

 This species is found in cold clear streams in 

 Switzerland, Germany, and throughout Scandina-- 

 via and the British Islands. Compared with the 

 American charr or brook-trout, it is a slenderer 

 fish, with smaller mouth, longer fins, and smaller 

 red spots, which are confined to the sides of the 

 body. It is a " gregarious and deep-swimming fish, 

 shy of taking the bait and feeding largely at night- 

 time. It appears to require very pure and mostly 

 deep water for its residence." It is less tenacious 

 of life than the trout. It reaches a weight of from 

 one to five pounds, probably rarely exceeding the 

 latter in size. The various charr described from 

 Siberia are far too little known to be enumerated 

 here. 



Of the American charr the one most resembling 

 the European species is the Rangeley Lake Trout 



