112 THE STOMACH. 



For this reason, horses and many other animals are able 

 to swallow, although they usually eat with their mouths 

 much lower than their stomachs; and jugglers are able 

 to drink a glass of water while standing on the head. 



4. The Stomach (Fig. 31) is a dilated portion of the 

 alimentary canal, which lies at the lower end of the oeso- 

 phagus, in the upper part of the abdomen, rather more 

 on the left than the right side of the body (see Fig. 2). 

 Outside its lining mucous membrane, is a thick muscular 

 coat. 



FIG. 31. The stomach viewed from the front, rf, lower end of the gullet; a, 

 position of the cardiac aperture; 3, the fundus; c, the pylorus; e, the first part of 

 the small intestine. 



The gullet, d, opens into the upper side of the stomach 

 by an aperture named the cardiac orifice. The right end of 

 the stomach gradually narrows to the commencement of 

 the small intestine, e. The place, c, where stomach and 

 intestine meet is named the pylorus, and the opening 

 which places their cavities in communication is \\\tpyloric 

 orifice. When moderately distended, the stomach con- 

 tains about three pints. 



4. Position of the stomach ? What is outside its mucous mem- 

 brane ? How and where does the gullet enter it? How does the 

 stomach join the small intestines ? What is the pylorus ? The py- 

 loric orifice ? Capacity of the stomach ? 



