HOW TO AVOID TAKING COLD. I 55 



be much diminished by prudence. Try to get your skin 

 warm and your sweat-glands active as soon as possible. 

 Exercise is usually the best way to do this. When you 

 feel chilled, and have some distance to go before you can 

 reach a warm room or get extra clothing, it is wiser to 

 run or walk or row, if possible, than to sit still and be 

 driven. The muscular exercise will warm the skin. If 

 obliged to keep on wet clothing, throw over it a dry 

 wrap. This will prevent the wet garments from drying 

 rapidly, and thus taking heat from the skin too fast 

 (p. 67). As soon as possible rub the whole skin briskly 

 until it is red and warm; then put on dry woollen cloth- 

 ing. If your skin does not quickly warm when rubbed, 

 take a warm bath, go to bed, and drink two or three 

 large cups of hot weak tea or lemonade. If a warm bath 

 cannot be had, put the feet in hot water. 



4. Articles of Dress should not Fit so Tightly as to Check 

 the Blood-Flow. Most large arteries lie deep, but many 

 large veins are near the surface, just under the skin. 

 The flow of blood in a vein is easily stopped by pres- 

 sure, because the walls of the veins are thin and flabby; 

 and when the vein leading from any organ is squeezed, 

 the blood-flow from it is hindered. Thus congestion is 

 produced. . 



The veins most often impeded in their work by tight 

 clothing, are those of the neck and leg. 



The chief veins bringing back blood from the head 

 are the external jugular veins, which lie under the skin, 



What if the clothing is wet and cannot be at once changed ? What 

 should be done as soon as you can change it ? What is the object of 

 the exercise, baths, rubbing, etc.? 



4. How may tight garments produce congestion ? Which veins are 

 most often compressed by articles of ordinary clothing? What are 

 the external jugular veins ? What is apt to follow if they are com- 



