VARIETIES OF EXERCISE. 91 



With both brain and muscle, but all should regularly use 

 both ; choosing which to work with, and which to simply 

 exercise. The best earthly life, that of the healthy mind in 

 the healthy body, can only so be attained. For persons of 

 average physique, engaged in study or business pursuits of 

 a sedentary nature, the minimum of daily exercise should 

 be an amount equivalent to a five-mile walk. 



Time for Exercise. Since extra muscular work means 

 extra muscular waste, and should be accompanied by an 

 abundant supply of food materials to the muscles, violent 

 exercise should not be taken after a long fast. Neither 

 should it be taken immediately after a meal ; a great deal 

 of blood is then needed in the digestive organs to provide 

 materials for digesting the food, and this blood cannot be 

 sent off to the muscles without the risk of an attack of 

 indigestion. Strong and hearty young people may take a 

 long walk before breakfast, but others had better wait un- 

 til after eating something before engaging in any kind of 

 hard work. 



Varieties of Exercise. In walking and running the 

 muscles chiefly employed are those of the lower limbs and 

 trunk ; these exercises leave the muscles of the chest and 

 arms imperfectly worked. Rowing is better, since in 

 it nearly all the muscles are used. No one exercise em- 

 ploys in proper proportion all the muscles, and gymnasia 

 in which different feats of agility are practiced so as to 

 call different muscles into action have a deserved popu- 



How can the highest development of man, regarded merely as a 

 thinking and moving machine, be attained? 



Why should we not exercise when fasting? Why not soon after 

 eating? 



What muscles are chiefly used in walking and running? Which 

 are imperfectly exercised? Why are gymnasia useful? 



