3 , AUSTRALASIA ILLUSTRATED. 



Brown's Head and Cape Wellington ; a well-sheltered harbour, appropriately named Refuge 

 Cove, lies between the second and third of these. On the western, which is also the 

 windward side of the peninsula, there are three bays Leonard, Norman and Oberon- 

 partially protected from the violence of the sea by some islands, four or five miles 

 distant from the main-land, and following its southerly trend. By far the greater part 

 of the area of the peninsula is covered by irregular ranges, or by isolated mountains, 

 which nowhere attain a greater altitude than two thousand five hundred feet ; but, massed 

 together, they present an imposing appearance by reason of their bulk. Such trees 

 as flourish on their slopes are deflected and contorted by the fierce winds with which 

 they have to wrestle both in summer and in winter, and the sea-mists which are driven 

 inwards are condensed into rain as they impinge upon the shaggy sides of Mount 

 Boulder, Mount Wilson, Mount Oberon and Mount Ramsay, and thus form the sources 

 of half-a-dozen streams which speedily lose themselves in the ocean. 



Wilson's Promontory is the most southerly point of the Victorian coast, and is 

 crowned by a light-house which rises nearly four hundred feet above the level of the 

 sea. From the eminence on which it stands the cliff shelves obliquely downward to the 

 roaring surf below, which, when a strong south-westerly gale is blowing, leaps up the 

 rocky barrier erected by Nature against its encroachments, and is shattered into clouds 

 of spray, or churned into snow-white ridges of froth and foam. Nor can anything be 

 imagined more sullen or more sombre than the aspect of this grim headland when it 

 is partially enveloped in fogs, which augment the magnitude of its mass while blurring 

 its outline, and only partially reveal the pharos which stands upon its crest. 



From South-west Point, nearly parallel with the light-house, but lying on the oppo- 

 site side of the Promontory, the coast curves upward for nearly thirty miles to Waratah 

 Bay, the line being broken only at Shallow Inlet, through which an entrance is gained 

 to Yanakie Lake, about eight miles in length, but nowhere exceeding two miles in breadth, 

 with a large tract of marshy country on its right shore, and the commencement of a 

 mountain range at its northern extremity. In respect to contour Waratah Bay is one 

 of the handsomest on the Victorian Coast. Its shape is that of a half-moon, and it is 

 encircled by a range of hills on its western side. From Bell Point, which may be taken 

 as defining its boundary to the east, it is ten miles to the entrance of Shallow Inlet, 

 directly opposite. The little promontory upon which the township of Waratah is situated 

 runs down to the narrow point of Cape Liptrap, a few miles behind which a hill, about 

 five hundred and fifty feet in height, and bearing the same name, constitutes a 

 prominent landmark. On the west shore of Waratah Bay, a little to the northward of 

 Bird Rock, there is an outcrop of fine limestone, composed of ten layers, varying in 

 thickness from six to ten feet, with a cave underneath the lower stratum, while the 

 summit of the bluff is overlaid by a mass of ferruginous sandstone, in which quantities 

 of brown iron ore of great purity have been found. The whole formation is believed to 

 belong to the upper silurian series, and its value, from an economic point of view, must 

 be considerable, for the texture, as described by Mr. G. H. P. *Ulrich, is "crystalline 

 granular, varying from fine to coarse-grained, and it assumes in places more especially 

 at the base of the bluff the character of a black and white mottled and veined marble, 

 suitable for chimney-pieces and other ornamental building work." An analysis made by 



