POLITICAL AN/) SOCIAL. 



43S 



sent back by the Government on the ground that he had not been "authori/ed" to 

 come to the penal settlement. In May, 1820, two legally appointed Roman Catholic 

 chaplains, Arch-priest John Joseph Therry and Father Philip Connolly, arrived. Arch- 

 deacon McEncroe and Dr. Ullathorne followed in 1832, and Archbishop 1'oldin^ in 

 The first Roman Catholic church in Australia 

 was commenced in Sydney, on the site now 

 occupied by St. Mary's Cathedral, on the 2gth of 

 October, 1821. At the present day, the Roman 



CITY AND SUBURBAN CHURCHES, SVDNKV. 



Catholic body can boast of 1200 churches, including 15 cathedrals, throughout Australasia. 

 The two prominent denominations may be said to have grown up together. The 

 origjnal St. Philip's Church was destroyed by fire in 1/98, and the second building was 

 opened in 1809. Other Anglican churches sprang up at Windsor, Parramatta, Newcastle, 

 and elsewhere, and in 1822, St. James's, Sydney, for many years the principal sacred edifice 

 belonging to the Church of England, was opened for public worship. In 1820, the 

 first steps were taken for the erection of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral, Sydney. 

 A meeting was called in the Court House, and all classes in the community united in 

 subscribing towards the cost of the proposed building, while the Governor promised a 

 subsidy from the Treasury. The foundation stone was laid the next year by Governor 

 Macquarie, and the Cathedral was blessed and opened by Archbishop Folding in 1836. 

 This edifice, upon which ,60,000 had been spent, was destroyed by fire in 1865, and 

 the. new building has, up to the present time, cost i 50,000. Dr. Broughton, who had 



