1430 AUSTRALASIA ILLUSTRATED. 



succeeded Archdeacon Scott, was consecrated first Anglican Bishop of Australia in 1836, 

 the ministry-roll, meanwhile, having been added to by the arrival of Archdeacon Cowper. 

 The foundation stone of St. Andrew's English Cathedral, Sydney, was laid by Governor 

 Bourke in 1837. Bishop Sehvyn, of New Zealand, arrived in the same year; Dr. 

 Xixon, of Tasmania, was consecrated in 1842 ; the first Bishop of Brisbane in the 

 following year; Dr. Perry, first Bishop of Melbourne, in 1847; and Dr. Short, the first 

 Bishop of Adelaide, reached his diocese in the same year. The erection of the Roman 

 Catholic Cathedral in Melbourne was commenced in 1857; Dr. Goold, who arrived in 

 1838, having been consecrated first Bishop in 1848. The first Roman Catholic Bishop 

 of Adelaide took charge of his diocese in 1844; the diocese of Hobart Town was 

 formed in 1842 ; that of Perth in 1845 '< a "d Brisbane in 1859. In the See of Sydney, 

 Bishop Broughton was succeeded by Dr. Barker, Dr. Barry and Dr. Smith ; and John 

 Bede Folding, the Roman Catholic Archbishop, by Roger Bede Vaughan and Cardinal 

 Moran, the latter being created first Cardinal of Australia in 1885, a year after his 

 appointment to Sydney as Archbishop. In Melbourne, Dr. Moorhouse succeeded Dr. 

 Perry, and was in turn followed by Dr. Goe. Dr. Carr is Archbishop Goold's successor. 

 The Presbyterian Church in Australia practically dates from the coming of Dr. Lang, in 

 1823, although service had been held as early as 1809, on the Hawkesbury, where 

 a small church had been erected. In 1824, a Presbyterian Church was opened in 

 Hobart Town, and the first clergyman of that body, the Rev. James Forbes, arrived 

 in Victoria in 1838. Progress in , the other colonies rapidly followed the advance 

 of settlement, until Presbyterianism became the power in the religious world of Aus- 

 tralia that we find it to-day. The Wesleyan communion was represented in Australia 

 as early as 1815, by the Rev. Samuel Leigh, although the first recorded class-meeting 

 dates from 1812. The first service was held in Hobart Town in 1820, by the Rev. I!. 

 Carvossa, and at Port Phillip by the Rev. Mr. Orton, in 1836. Since these dates the 

 Wesleyan organization also has spread itself over the face of the Australian Continent, 

 in the religious system of which, as well as the Islands of Polynesia, it plays an in- 

 fluential and highly important part. 



In the missionary work among the natives of the Islands of the Southern Seas, it 

 may be stated that a keen rivalry has for many years existed between the Wesleyans 

 and the Roman Catholics. The work of the Roman Catholic Church in this direction 

 has been carried on during the past fifty years chielly by the French Order of the 

 Society of Mary. The missionary field of the Marist Fathers embraces Central Oceanica, 

 Navigator's Islands and Fiji, with three Vicars Apostolic, having episcopal powers in 

 charge. According to the returns for 1891 from these missionary centres, the number of 

 priests was sixty; the number of nuns in charge of the native schools, fifty; and the 

 total Roman Catholic population nearly thirty thousand. In New Guinea and New 

 Britain the work of the missionaries of the Sacred Heart another French Order is 

 under the direction of Archbishop Navarre and two Vicars Apostolic. 



It is impossible to form any just estimate of the social progress of the Colonies 

 unless the influence of the different denominations is taken into account. Originating, 

 in the first instance, with the most humble beginnings, and fostered by the loyal 

 zeal of earnest and self-sacrificing men, the religious bodies expanded and grew in 



