GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



257 



out correct top and side lines. To commence opera- 

 tions, drive one of the stakes firmly into the ground at one 

 of the projected corners. Now place one of the rings of the 

 wire over the stake and stretch it along the line of the 

 proposed boundary, and drive in short stakes till the line is 

 marked off straight. Another corner is then marked 

 The next line is to be at right angles. To find a right 

 angle, mark off exactly 60 feet along the first line, and put 

 in a temporary peg, and from the corner stake stretch a 

 line as nearly at a right angle as you can guess, and put 

 in another temporary peg, at 80 feet. When the two pegs 

 are proved to be 1 00 feet apart the angle is a right angle. 

 When there is any difference the second line and peg must 

 be shifted inwards or outward until the required 100ft. is 

 attained. Having found the right angle, stretch the chain 

 down the proved line to the end, and put in a stake, this being 

 the third corner. Now find the other right angle, proceeding 

 exactly the same as before, and a stake will stand in each 

 of the four corners, with the sides and ends for guidance. 

 We can then measure off the top and side lines for triangular 

 or square planting, as may be desired. Putting in a peg 



where each tree is to 

 stand. 



Selecting the Trees. 

 Maiden plants, that is 

 plants that have made 

 one year's growth from 

 the buds or graft, are 

 best for planting in this 

 country. Older and 

 larger trees carry more 

 risks. They do not 

 transplant so well, and 

 may lead to gumming 

 and other annoyances 

 of the orchardist. The 

 roots should be kept 

 moist. A dip in liquid 

 soak, made up with cow 

 manure is helpful for that purpose. 



