346 I'tJE EXTERIOR OF THE HORSE. 



the resume of the rules which, according to his opinion, constitute the founda- 

 tion of the beautiful proportions of the horse's body.' 



1st. Three geometrical lengths of the head give : 



The entire height of the horse, ab (Fig. 125, A), counting from the forelock to the ground upon 

 which he rests, provided that his head be well carried. 



2d. T-wo heads and a half equal : 



The height of the body, cd, from the top of the withers to the ground. 



The length of this same body, ef, from the point of the arm to the point of the buttock 

 inclusive. 



3d. A ^vhole head gives: 



The length of the neck, eg, from the summit of the withers to the posterior part of the poll. 

 The height of the shoulders, ch, from the top of the withers to the point of the elbow. 

 The thickness of the body, ij, from the middle of the abdomen to the middle of the back. 

 The width of the body from one side to the other, kl (Fig. 125, B and C). 



4th. A head, bb^, measured from the top of the forelock to the 

 commissure of the lips, will equal (Fig. 125) : 



The length of the croup, of, from the angle of the haunch to the point of the buttock. 



The width of the croup or of the haunches, mn (Fig. 125, B and C). 



The height of the croup, pq (Fig. 125, A), taken from the summit of the latter to the patella, 

 the leg being at rest. 



The postero-lateral length of the legs or tibial region, qr, from the patella to the centre of the 

 tiblo-astragaloid articulation. 



The perpendicular height, rs, of the same articulation above the ground. 



The distance from the summit of the withers to the insertion of the neck into the chest, ct. 



5th. Twice the length of the croup, bb\ gives almost: 



The distance from the point of the patella to the summit of the withers, uc. 

 The distance from the point of the elbow to the summit of the croup, hp. 



6th. Two-thirds of the length of the head will equal : 



The vridth of the breast, vx (Fig. 125, B), from one point of the arm to the other, from outside 



to outside. 



The horizontal length of the croup, yz (Fig. 125, A), between two verticals, one of which touches 

 the point of the buttock, and the other passes through the summit of the croup and touches the 



point of the patella. 



The thirds of the hind quarters and of the body, taken together, cz, to the perpendicular line 

 from the withers touching the elbow. 



The anterior length of the leg, uw, taken from the tuberosity of the tibia to the fold of the hock. 



7th. The half of the head is the same as : 



The horizontal distance from the point of the arm to the vertical line from the mmmit of the 

 withers and from the elbow, eef. 



The width of the neck, mn, viewed laterally and taken from its insertion at the intermaxillary 

 space, or from the throat, to the root of the first hairs of the mane, upon a line which forms with 

 the contour of the poll two equal angles. 



8th, The third of the head gives : 



The height of its superior parts, op (Fig. 125, B), from the summit of the forelock to the line 

 which passes through the most prominent points of the orbits. 



1 In Fig. 125, which is an exact reproduction from the large plate of the book of Bourgelat, 

 we have omitted all the more confusing lines ; it has also seemed necessary to us to change the 

 letters and somewhat modify the expressions of the original description in order to render the 

 ideas more intelligible to the reader. Finally, we have omitted paragraphs 6 and 7 of the pro- 

 portions of the founder of the veterinary schools, because the measurements which are given 

 there are only a repetition of those mentioned in paragraph 2. 



