790 THE EXTERIOR OF THE HORSE. 



the panther and the leopard. They are generally spread over the whole 

 extent of the coat, while the preceding are usually smaller and localized 

 upon an isolated white mark, such as a snow-flake patch, a blaze, a 

 white face, white foot, or again, upon the white areas of the piebald coat. 

 Example : pied chestnut bay, leopard-spotted upon the loins and 



right flank. 



Be this as it may, when the herminures are very abundant, they 

 no longer preserve the character of a peculiarity ; the aspect of the 

 coat is then so modified that the latter is classified among those which, 

 with De Curnieu, we have designated under the names spotted, leopard, 

 or marbled coats. 



The herminure is always a black marking upon a white base ; the 

 tigrure, or tiger-marking, is of the same character, but always larger, 

 more round, and may be indiscriminately located upon a white or a 

 colored base. 



When these markings are formed by colored hairs, such as the bay, 

 the sorrel, the Isabella, or the mouse, upon a white or very light gray 

 base, the coat is called marbled. Nowadays the marbled and the leopard- 

 spotted coats are considered identical. 



Spurious Brand-iron Mark. — This is an irregular elongated 

 black marking, appearing as if made by a stroke of the branding-iron 

 or fire-poker upon a gray, sorrel, bay, Isabella, mouse, roan, or flea- 

 bitten coat. 



Examples : iron gray, spurious brand-iron mark upon the left cheek ; 

 dark bay, spurious brand-iron mark upon the croup. 



There is still another black marking, the charbonnure, which is 

 wider and more clearly outlined than the preceding. Otherwise, most 

 authors consider these two as identical. 



Louveture. — We propose to designate under the name louveture 

 mixed, blackish spots, poorly outlined and of variable extent and con- 

 figuration, proper to the light or fawn varieties of the Isabella, the 

 bay, and the sorrel. They are formed by black hairs mixed with 

 the red or yellow of the coat, giving to the latter, in these places, an 

 appearance resembling that of the wolf. It looks as if soot had 

 been sprinkled over the regions which present this peculiarity. We 

 have seen it upon the head, the sides of the neck, the shoulders, the 

 back, the ribs, the thighs, the stifles, the elbows, the arms, the fore- 

 arms, the legs, etc. 



Examples : louveture Isabella ; light bay, louveture in front of and 

 behind the shoulders; fawn sorrel, deep louveture on the cheeks, neck, 

 elbows, and forearms. 



