ANT 



APH 



ANODE. The way by which elec- 

 tricity enters substances through 

 which it passes: opposed to cathode, 

 tlie riKid or way i)y which it goes out. 



ANODYNE. A drug wliich allays 

 pain, as opium, camphor, henbane, 

 tScc 



ANON A. The custard apple-trees. 

 The cherimover is of this genus. 



ANTACIDS. Medicines which 

 neutrahze the acid of the stomach in 

 disease, as chalk, carbonate of soda. 



ANTENNA, Antexv/e. The hair- 

 like, jointed organs on tiie heads of 

 insects. They are very moveable, 

 and are supposed to be organs of sen- 

 sation. 



ANTEPECTCS. In insects, the 

 under side of the main trunk, in which 

 the first pair of legs is inserted 



ANTS. The family FonmcidcB, 

 hymenopterous insects. They are 

 injurious to meadows by their hills, 

 and also devour fruits. The anthill 

 is readily destroyed by digging it up 

 in the depth of winter and scattering 

 the earth ; the exposure will thus de- 

 stroy the entire colony. 



ANTHELMINTICS. Drugs which 

 are used to destroy intestinal worms. 

 Turpentine, wormseed oil, pink-root, 

 and aloes are the most important. 



ANTHER. The bilobate organ, 

 containing pollen, situated at the 

 summit of the filament, the two con- 

 stituting the male organ, or stamen 

 of [ilants. 



ANTHODIUM. A head of flow- 

 ers, as in the thistle or sunflower : 

 a capitulum. 



ANTHOZANTHU.M. A genus of 

 grasses, of which A odoratum is the 

 sweet-scented vernal grass. See 

 Grasses. It is an annual, and of lit- 

 tle importance. 



ANTIDRACHIUM. The forearm. 



ANTICLINAL AXIS. The line 

 lying between strata which dip in op- 

 posite directions. 



ANTICOR. An inflammation of 

 the throat and gullet in horses, at- 

 tended with fever and prostration ; a 

 kind of quinsy. 



ANTIDOTE. A remedy against 



Q poison. 

 ANTIMONY. 



The sulphuret ; a 



black metallic drug, used in the dis- 

 eases of cattle as an alterative in 

 skin diseases. An ounce is given to 

 a horse. 



ANTIMONY TARTRATE. See 

 Tartar Emetic. 



ANTIPHLOGISTIC. Remedies 

 opposed to an intlammatory state. 



ANTISEPTICS. Substances 

 which prevent putrefaction. 



AxNTISPAS.MODICS. Remedies 

 which cure spasms or cramps, as 

 opium, camphor, asafoetida, &c. 



ANFITROPAL. When in a seed 

 the radicle of the embryo is turned 

 to the end farthest away from the 

 hilum. This, although a compara- 

 tively unusual position of parts, is 

 nevertheless the normal position, if 

 the e.\act nature of the development 

 of an ovule is rightly understood. 

 ANTRUM. A cavity. 

 AORTA. The great arterial ves- 

 sel which issues from the left ventri- 



' cle of the heart, and by its branches 

 distributes blood to every part of the 

 body. 



j APATITE. A greeni.sh, crystal- 

 line mineral found in primary rocks, 

 consisting of a phosphate and silicate 

 of lime. It is found in the Eastern 



; and Northern States, hut only in small 



\ quantities. In Spain and Norway 

 large quantities are developed. It 

 has been spoken of as a manure in 

 the place of bones. 



I APERIENTS. Gentle purgatives. 

 APETALOUS. Without corolla. 

 APEX. The summit. 

 APHANIPTERA. An order of 

 apterous insects, with rudimentary 

 elytra, and undergoing a change of 

 form. The flea {Pulex irrUans) is of 

 this kind. 



I APHIS, APHIDES (pi). A fami- 

 ly of hemipterous insects, common- 

 ly called " plant-lice," inhabiting trees 

 and plants, and living on their juices ; 

 remarkable for the anal saccharine 

 secretion, but more especially for a 

 peculiarity of their generative econo- 

 my, particularly described by Bonnet, 

 and which consists in the first fecun- 



I dation of the female influencing not 

 merely the ova immediately develop- 



j ed thereafter, but those of the females 



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