AKli 



AKO 



pystem is also followed in Switzer- 

 iaiul 



III Ilolstein, on moderately good 

 soil, tl)ey adopt the following course : 

 1. Oats, on newly broken-iip grass 

 land ; 2. A fallow to destroy grasses 

 and weeds, and aeceleratc the de 

 composition of ilieir roots ; 3. Wheat, 

 with or without manure, according 

 to the state of the land ; 4. Beans, 

 barley, or oats ; 5. Wheat, manured, 

 unless it has !)een done for the beans 

 the year before : G. Grass seeds pas- 

 tured for three years or more, when 

 the rotation begins again. 



We have now given a brief outline 

 of the manner in which araiile land 

 may be cultivated and improved. If 

 we should be asked whether so much 

 attention and labour upon land of a 

 proper quality will be repaid by the 

 value of the produce, we shall an- 

 swer, without any hesitation, in the 

 affirmative, provided the cultivator 

 is possessed of knowledge, judgment, 

 and experience, and devotes all his 

 time to the superintendence of his 

 farm— (U'. L. Rham.) 



ARAC-E, AROID.E. The natural 

 family of plants, including the arum, 

 Indian turnip, and skunk cabbage. 



ARACHNIUANS, ARACHXIDA. 

 A class of apterous, spider-like con- 

 dylopes, having the head confluent 

 with the chest, and the body, conse- 

 quently, consisting of but two seg- 

 ments, with eight legs, smooth eyes, 

 and the sexual orifices situated on 

 the thorax, or anterior part of the 

 abdomen. 



ARATION. Ploughing. 



ARBOR. The principal spindle or 

 axis of a machine. 



ARBORESCENT. Inclining to, 

 or becominff wood v. 



ARBORICULTURE. The culti- 

 vation of trees. 



ARBORETUM. A place for the 

 cultivation of trees. 



ARBOR VIT-E. Thuja occidcnta- 

 lis. A well-known coniferous ever- 

 green, of small size, but very durable. 

 It abounds in the Northern States, 

 apJ has oeen much recommended as 

 h3dge. The plants are best rai.sed 

 fioca seed. There is a species from 



' China much admired 

 beries of Europt 



in the shrub- 

 An orchard or vine- 



ARBUSTUM 

 yard. 



ARBUTUS. A genus of handsome 

 evergreen shrubs of the natural fam- 

 ily EricaccEB. The fruit is succulent, 

 but austere, and in the A. uncdn a 

 beautiful object. The Arlmtus an- 

 drachnc is the most admired of this 

 genus. The A. nra ursi yields a use- 

 ful medicine. They are much cul- 

 tivated as shrubbery plants in Eu- 

 rope, and belong to the first class for 

 beauty. 



ARCESTHIDA. A small succu- 

 lent cone, as the juniper berry. 



ARCHIL. A purple dye-siuff pro- 

 cured from the Rocclla tmclorm and 

 fuaformts, lichens growing on the 

 rocks of the Canary Islands. 



ARCHITRAVE. The chief beam 

 or structure resting immediately upon 

 the columns of an edifice, the lowest 

 member of the entablature ; also call- 

 ed the epistvlium. 



ARCUArE. Bent like a bow. 



ARECA. An East Indian palm, the 

 nut of which is chewed with the betel. 



ARExNACEOUS. Sandy, relating 

 to sand. 



AREOLAE. In entomology, the 

 small spaces between the nervures 

 of the wings. 



AREOMETER. An instrument for 

 taking specific gravities. See lly- 

 dromitcr. 



ARGIL, ARGILLACEOUS. Clay, 

 clavey. 



ARILL.^, ARIL, ARIEL. A mem- 

 branous prolongation of the placenta 

 over a seed, as the mace of the nut- 

 meg. 



ARM OF A HORSE. The upper 

 part of the fore legs. 



ARMILLA. Tiie coloured circle 

 of the lower end of the fore leg, above 

 the tarsus of birds. 



ARMY WOR.M. See Coltun, Dis- 

 eases of. 



ARNOTTO. See Aiuwtta. 



AROM.\, AROMATIC. A pleas- 

 ant spicy odour, usually due to a vol- 

 atdo oil. 



AROMATIC HEED. Acnms mh- 

 mus. Sweet Hag, a common indige- 



39 



