CAM 



CAN 



orange parts of the spectrum formed 

 by flint glass. 



CALVING. The act of bringing 

 forth a calf. The cow should not 

 be disturbed, and have comfortable 

 quarters. A warm drink is usual- 

 ly given afterward, containing meal. 

 She should be kept quiet, and rather 

 underfed for a few days. 



CALX. An old term for any earthy 

 bodv produced bv burning. 



CALYCANTHUS FLORIDUS. 

 The Carolina allspice : a fragrant 

 shrub, with moroon-coloured flowers. 



CALYX (from nalv^, a cup). The 

 outer green case of flowers. It pro- 

 tects the internal parts. It is col- 

 oured in plants like tulips, hyacinths, 

 &c. 



CAMBIUM. A gummy fluid form- 

 ed in spring in our forest-trees. It 

 affords the materials out of which 

 the new wood and bark are partly 

 made, and disappears in a short time. 



CAMELLIA. A genus of ever- 

 green shrubs, of which the C. japon- 

 ica produces beautiful flowers, now 

 diversified by cultivation. It requires 

 a green-house for successful gi-owth, 

 but may be grown out of doors, near 

 a south wall, covered with glass and 

 matted during severe weather. It is 

 propagated by cuttings, layers, and 

 grafts. Flowers from January to 

 March in the house. The C. oleifera 

 is much cultivated by the Chinese for 

 its oil, obtained by pressing the seeds. 



CAMOMILE. The Antheims no- 

 bilis furnishes the drug of this name. 

 It is exotic, but grows readily in the 

 Middle States. The plant is peren- 

 nial and hardy, yielding three or four 

 crops of flowers, which are bitter 

 and tonic. It grows on poor, dry 

 lands ; is propagated by seeds, root 

 cuttings, and layers. An infusion is 

 very nauseous to many insects. 



CAMP. A mould in which to keep 

 potatoes, roots, &c., during winter. 

 See Barrow. 



CAMPANULATE. Bell-shaped : 

 applied to flowers of that figure, as 

 the Canterbury hell. 



CAMPHOR. A solid essential oil, 

 consisting of C20, Hn-|-2 HO. It 

 is a nervous sedative, soothing pain. 



It is obtained in the crude slate by 



distilling the twigs, roots, &c., of 

 several plants, chiefly the Lauras 

 camphora and Dnjobalanops camphora, 

 trees of tropical Asia. It is purified 

 by sublimation in Europe and Amer- 

 ica. Michaux is disposed to believe 

 that the Laurjis camphora, a large 

 evergreen, might flourish in Florida. 

 Camphor is peculiarly disagreeable 

 to tlie insects which infest cloth and 

 woollen goods. The solution in al- 

 cohol is the commonest form of the 

 medicine. A solution in oil is an 

 admirable embrocation to painful 

 sprains, rheumatisms, &c. 



Camphor is found in numerous 

 herbs, especially peppermint, rose- 

 mary, thyme, lavender, &c. The 

 quantity is, however, too minute to 

 yield a commercial supply. 



CANADA THISTLE. Carduus ar- 

 vensis. Its perennial roots render it 

 a great nuisance. The introduction 

 of two-hoed or worked crops, with 

 much tillage, is the most eflectual 

 remedy. Large doses (thirty bush- 

 els) of salt, or a heavy liming (one 

 hundred bushels), on 

 a clean fallow is 

 much reputed as a 

 means of clearing 

 lands of weeds and 

 insects. 



CANARY 

 GRASS. Phalaris 

 Canariensis. An an- 

 nual grass, yielding 

 the canary seeds for 

 birds. The seeds are 

 sown as soon as the 

 frost is out of the 

 ground ; they require 

 a good dry loam. In 

 September the plants 

 are fit to cut. The 

 heads are exposed to 

 the air in heaps for 

 some time, to assist 

 the thrashing. The 

 yield is from twen- 

 ty-five to forty bush- 

 els ; the straw is 

 poor and scanty. 



CANCELLATE. 

 the ends of the long bones. 



Full of cells ; as 



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