CHE 



CHE 



"The form containing the curd is i 

 put on the bottom plate, a, and the 

 top plate, B, is made to descend and ! 

 press on it. There are two ways of 

 doing this : one quick and easy, until 

 the resistance becomes great ; and 

 the other slower, but more power- 

 ful, and used for the conclusion of 

 the operation. On the axis, c, of the 

 ■wheel, D, there is a pinion of eight 

 teeth (not seen in the engraving) 

 which works in the rack, r. On the 

 axis, E, there is another pinion of 

 eight teeth (concealed by the other 

 parts), which acts in the wheel, d, of 

 twenty-four teeth. This axis, e, may 

 be turned by the winch handle, h, 

 three turns of which will make the 

 rack descend through a space corre- 

 sponding to eight of its teeth. In 

 this way the plate, n, may be lower- 

 ed to touch the cheese, and to com- 

 mence the pressure ; but when the 

 resistance becomes considerable, the 

 second method of acting on the rack 

 must be resorted to. On the axis, e, 

 besides the pinion before mentioned, 

 there is a fixed ratchet wheel, f ; the 

 lever, i, forked at the end, which 

 embraces f, is also placed on this 

 axis, but turns freely round it. In 

 the forked part of f there is a ratchet 

 or click, G (better seen at g *), which, 

 turning on the pin, k, may be made 

 to engage in the notches of the ratch- 

 et wheel, F. By means of this ar- 

 rangement, when I is raised up, and 

 G engaged in f, the axis, e, and its 

 pinion will be turned round with great 

 power on depressing the end, i, of the 

 lever ; and by alternately raising and 

 depressing i, any degree of pressure 

 required may be given to the cheese ; 

 after which, if it be wished to con- 

 tinue the pressure, and to follow 

 the gradual shrinking of the cheese, 

 the lever is to be raised above the 

 horizontal position, and the weight, 

 w, hung on, which will cause it to 

 descend as the cheese yields. By 

 inserting the pin, p, this effect may 

 be discontinued, and the farther de- 

 scent of B prevented." — {Highland 

 Soc. Trans., vol. x., p. 52.) 



CHEIROPTERA (from x^ip, the 

 hand, and nrepov, a wing). Animals of [ 



152 



the hat kind, whose wings are mem- 

 branous, stretched from the hand and 

 arm to the hind legs and side of the 

 body. Bats are, for the most part, 

 insectivorons, and therefore worthy 

 of preservation by farmers. 



CHELOMANS (from xf'>-'^-^'V, a, 

 tortoise). All tortoises, turtles, &:c., 

 which are covered with a double 

 shell. 



CHEMISTRY (CA«7wa,^ri.,/o 

 burn). The science wiiich investi- 

 gates the nature of matter, and the 

 laws which govern the movements 

 of its atoms. The inanimate and ani- 

 mate world are the scenes of its re- 

 searches. The miner, dyer, and man- 

 ufacturer owe their success to chem- 

 istry, and the farmer is destined to 

 be more benefited by this science 

 than other professions. The soil, 

 plants, and manures are all topics of 

 chemical examination, and, without 

 knowing their nature, no person can 

 practice agriculture except by guess, 

 and in an empirical way. 



It is a subject of immense extent, 

 and in this work I have confined my- 

 self to the practical points. See An- 

 alysis, Affinity, Atom, Oxygen, Carbon, 

 Ammonia, Phosphorus, &c. 



CHENOPODIACE/E. A family of 

 plants, of which the Chenopodmm is a 

 genus. They are herbaceous, grow- 

 ing on very rich lands, have a solita- 

 ry carpel, stamens of the same num- 

 ber as the divisions of the calyx, with- 

 out bracts or petals. The wormseed 

 {Ch. anthclmintiaim) is the only me- 

 dicinal species. Beets, spinach, and 

 goose foot belong to this family ; the 

 leaves, and indeed the whole plant, 

 are mucilaginous, and may be eaten 

 as food when not unpleasant to the 

 palate. 



CHERIMOYA. The fruit of the 

 Anond chcrimolia, a tree of tropical 

 America. 



CHERRY. Pruniis cerasus. The 

 tree grows well in the United States, 

 and prefers a deep loam m a free ex- 

 posure. The wood is firm, and used 

 for cabinet purposes. The stocks 

 are raised from seed, and budded or 

 grafted : for dwarfs, the morello stock 

 is preferred. The stock may be bud- 



