COR 



COR 



New- Jersey. Liebig called the atten- 

 tion of farmers to coprolites as a ma- 

 nure containing sixteen to twenty 

 per cent, of bone earth. 



CORALS. The calcareous basis 

 of some marine animals. Coral sand 

 has been used freely in France in the 

 same way and with similar effects as 

 marl. It may contain two per cent, 

 of bone earth. 



CORDATE. In botany, heart- 

 shaped. Like the heart on playing 

 cards. 



CORD. A measure for wood, equal 

 to four feet high and wide, and eight 

 feet long. 



CORD GRASSES. Coarse, salt- 

 marsh grasses, of the genus Spartina. 



CORDIAL. A stimulating, sto- 

 machic medicine. 



COREOPSIS. A yellow compo- 

 site garden flower, the fresh flowers 

 of which yield a yellow dye. 



CORIANDER. The Coriandrium 

 sativum, an umbelliferous plant culti- 

 vated for its aromatic seeds, which 

 are used in confectionery and medi- 

 cine. The soil must be dry. " The 

 sowings are generally performed in 

 April in drills eight inches apart, and 

 half an inch deep ; the plants to re- 

 main where sown. The only culti- 

 vation required is to thin them to 

 eight inches' distance, and to have 

 them kept clear of weeds throughout 

 their growth. They will perfect their 

 seed in early autumn, being in flower 

 during June." 



CORK. The bark of the Spanish 

 oak, Alcornoque {Quercus suber). It 

 would flourish wherever the live oak 

 grows, but requires a dry granitic soil, 

 and might be made a source of great 

 profit to the Southern States. The 

 tree is evergreen, not very large (six- 

 ty-five teet), yields fine sweet acorns, 

 and begins to supply good cork at 

 forty years. The cork is stripped 

 every eight or ten years afterward. 

 It is taken in July, a perpendicular 

 cut being made the length of the 

 trunk, and a circular one above and 

 below, down to the new bark, but not 

 into the young wood. The tree of 

 100 years furnishes from 200 to 400 

 pounds of cork. The young oak 



plantations arc set with vines, which 

 last for twenty-five years. 



CORMUS. The solid swelling be- 

 neath the stem of some plants. See 

 Bulb. 



CORN. In Europe, wheat, or a 

 mixture of pease, beans, and oats. 



CORN, BROOM. See Broom Corn. 



CORN, INDIAN. Zea mays. An 

 annual cereal plant of great impor- 

 tance to American agriculture. 



Vanclies. — These may be divided 

 into two classes : 1st. Table corn. 

 2d. Field corn. 



The esteemed table corns are, Ear- 

 ly Golden Sioux, Canadian, Early 

 Tuscarora, and Sweet Corn. The 

 White Hominy and Dutton also an- 

 swer for late sorts when green. 



Field Corn. — The varieties are 

 very numerous, and designated by 

 the number of rows, the colour and 

 shape of the grain. The clear white 

 or yellow is always preferred ; a long 

 heavy grain, large ear, small cob, and 

 those of early maturity. The favour- 

 ite northern varieties are of the Si- 

 oux kind, of a yellow gourd-seed 

 grain, the Dutton, and several kinds 

 of flint and Canadian corn. In the 

 Middle States the yellow gourd-seed 

 and Virginia white gourd-seed, of 

 twenty-four to thirty-six rows, are 

 chiefly cultivated. 



Other Varieties. — A small corn (Zm 

 caragua) is used for parching ; it is 

 called pop corn and Valparaiso. 



Baden, or Tree Corn. — This created 

 much attention at first, and is worthy 

 of cultivation, but with that care 

 which was taken in its production. 

 Mr. Baden's account is from the New- 

 England Farmer, and is a lesson on 

 the improvement of any variety of 

 grain or plant. 



" I have the pleasure to say that I 

 have brought this corn to its high 

 state of perfection by carefully se- 

 lecting the best seed in the field for a 

 long course of years, having especial 

 reference to those stalks which pro- 

 duced the most ears. When the corn 

 was husked, 1 made a re-selection, ta- 

 king only that which appeared sound 

 and fully ripe, liavmg a regard to the 

 deepest and best colour, as well as to. 



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