LOO 



URA 



result of unclean! iness, and resem- ! 

 bles itcN. It should be treated with 

 tar ointment mixed witli sulphur. j 



Madnm. — Symptoms : at first the 

 dog lose.-j spirits, neglects his food, 

 retires from his master, does not 

 bark, but murmurs, is irritable, his 

 ears and tail droop, he seems drow- 

 sy, in two or three days his tongue 

 lolls out, he froths at the mouth, the 

 eyes are heavy, he runs along pant- 

 ing, and in two or three more days 

 dies. Any animal bitten should in- 

 stantly have the part cut out, the 

 wound being allowed to bleed for a 

 short time. 



Distemper is very contagious, usu- 

 ally commences with a cold, is fol- 1 

 lowed by fits or diarrhoea, great loss 

 of strength, and frequently death. 

 Treatment: first give emetics, and 

 then a large spoonful of salt dissolved 

 in water ; if looseness comes on, give 

 chalk in powder mixed with water. 

 A blister on the head is used when 

 the animal is very stupid and liable 

 to fits. The food should be good. 



Other diseases are treated like 

 those incident to sheep. 



DOG'S-TAIL GRASS. Cpi'osu- 

 r7is cristatus. See Grasses. 



DOG'S-TOOTH GRASS. Doub 

 grass. See Bermuda Grass. 



DOGWOOD. Coryius Florida. A 

 small tree, remarkable for its flower- 

 like involucrum. It is found from 

 Massachusetts to Florida, usually on 

 the borders of woods. The bark is 

 medicinal and used as a febrifuge. 

 The heart wood, of a deep brown 

 colour, is hard, heavy, and compact. 

 Its chief use is for the cogs of wheels, 

 points of harrows, and similar purpo- 

 ses : the size is not sufficiently large 

 for other objects. 



DOLERITE. A trap rock, con- 

 sisting of augite and feldspar. 



DOLOMITE. Magnesian marble, 

 or granular limestone containing 

 magnesia. 



DOLPHIN, BLACK. The Aphis 

 of beans, cabbages, &c. See Black 

 Dolphin. 



DOOB, or DOUB GRASS. Cyno- 

 don dactylon. A perennial, creeping 

 grass of great value, acclimated in 

 232 



the Southern States, and of celebrity 

 among the Hindoos. It flowers in 

 August, but does not always perfect 

 seed. It is })ropagated from roots. 

 This is also called Bermuda or Brah- 

 ma grass. See Bermuda Grass. 



DORSAL. Belonging to the back. 



DOVE. See Pigeon. 



DOVE-COTE. ""See Pigeon-house. 



DOWNS. Elevated, open mead- 

 ows. 



DRAGON FLY. The common 

 name for Libellulas, Agrions, and oth- 

 er neuropterous insects. They are 

 devourers of insects, and therefore 

 friends of the farmer. 



DRAGON'S BLOOD. A blood-red 

 resin imported from India, and used 

 to colour varnishes. 



DRAINAGE. " As a certain quan- 

 tity of moisture is essential to vege- 

 tation, so an excess of it is highly 

 detrimental. In the removal of this 

 excess consists the art of draining. 



" Water may render land unproduc- 

 tive by covering it entirely or partial- 

 ly, forming lakes or bogs ; or there 

 may be an excess of moisture dif- 

 fused through the soil and stagnating 

 in it, by which the fibres of the roots 

 of all plants which are not aquatic 

 are injured, if not destroyed. 



" From these different causes of in- 

 fertility arise three different branches 

 of the art of draining, which require 

 to be separately noticed. 



" 1. To drain land which is flooded, 

 or rendered marshy by w'ater coming 

 over it from a higher level, and hav- 

 ing no adequate outlet below. 



" 2. To drain land where springs 

 rise to the surface, and where there 

 are no natural channels for the water 

 to run off. 



" 3. To drain land which is wet from 

 its impervious nature, and where the 

 evaporation is not sufficient to carry 

 off all the water supplied by snow and 

 rain. 



" The first branch includes all those 

 extensive operations where large 

 tracts of land are reclaimed by means 

 of embankments, canals, sluices, and 

 mills to raise the water ; or where 

 deep cuts or tunnels are made through 

 hills which formed a natural dam or 



