FAL 



FAR 



ed an extravasation. It frequently 

 arises from a blow. 



EXTRORSAL. Bent or turned 

 from the direct position : a descrip- 

 tive term in botany. 



E X U V I .E. The skins cast by 

 snakes, lobsters, insects, &c., in the 

 chancres they pass through. 



E Y E, I N P L A N T S. The bud, 

 embrvo, or growinir point. 



EYE OF THE HORSE. "The 

 eye of the horse appears to be natu- 

 rally more disposed to disease than 

 that of any other animal. The dis- 

 eases of the eye, although few in 

 number, are frequent in their appear- 

 ance, obstinate, and generally baffle 

 all the skill of the veterinarian. The 

 following are the principal : common 

 inflammation, specific ophthalmia or 

 moon blindness, cataract, and g-utta 

 serena or amaurosis. For the last 

 there is no cure. Moon blindness, 

 as it is termed, is brought on in a 

 great measure by close confinement 

 in dark, heated, and unwholesome 

 stables. No specific remedies can 

 be given for these diseases." — {You- 

 att). See Blindness, Cataract. 



EYES IN CHEESE. Putrescent 

 holes or places caused by imperfectly 

 preparing the curd. 



F. 



FAGOT. A bundle of small wood. 



FAGUS. The generic name of 

 the beech. 



FALCATE (from faU, a set/the). 

 Shaped like a scythe : a descriptive 

 term used in botany and zoology. 



FALCO. The genus of hawks. 



FALLOPIAN TUBE. Atubecom- 

 municating between the womb and 

 ovarium of the mammalia. 



FALLOW. Originally, this term 

 meant the exposure of the naked 

 soil to rest, after ploughing several 

 times, to destroy weeds and repair 

 its fertility. This practice is now 

 considered almost useless, as requi- 

 ring much time and expenditure oth- 

 erwise belter employed. A crop of 

 oats, clover, rye, buckwheat, lucern, 

 lupins, turnips, or other cheap vege- 

 table in flower is now ploughed in, 

 and called a green fallow. In this 



Z 



way land is rapidly improved, espe- 

 cially if a liming is given. To turn 

 in heavy herbage the ox-chain is 

 fastened to the clevis and land-side 

 handle of the plough, and this press- 

 ing down the plants, allows them to 

 be buried. 



Green fallowing is the most rapid 

 and cheap method of bringing up poor 

 lands ; it incorporates into the soil 

 the nitrogen bodies wanted for high 

 cultivation, enables the improver to 

 proceed without the expense of cat- 

 tle for raising manure, and saves the 

 time necessary to wait for the ma- 

 nure. The herbage so turned in 

 yields more vegetable mould than it 

 would otherwise form if applied in 

 any other way. Fallows can be made 

 at any time, in summer for a fall 

 crop, or in autumn for spring. 



FAN, WHEAT. The Wmnoicing 

 Machine, which see. 



FARCY. See Horse. 



FARDING BAG. The paunch or 

 abomasus of the ox. 



FARINA. Tiie fiour or meal of 

 grain. Farinaceous is a derivative. 

 I FARM. " The first thing to be 

 considered in taking a farm is the 

 capital which tlie tenant is possessed 

 of, or of which he can procure the 

 use at a reasonable rate. If a man 

 takes a farm without the means of 

 stocking it properly, and is restrained 

 in his first outlay, he will never be 

 able to cultivate it with benefit to 

 himself: he will be obliged to sell his 

 produce at a loss, to over-work his 

 cattle, and to keep a smaller quanti- 

 ty of stock, and, consequently, make 

 less manure than is required to keep 

 the farm in a productive state. 



" When it is ascertained what ex- 

 tent of farm may be safely underta- 

 ken with a given capital, the most 

 important object to be attended to is 

 the condition and fertility of the soil, 

 not only with respect to the natural 

 quality of the land, but the actual 

 state it is left in by the preceding 

 system of cultivation. A moderate- 

 ly fertile soil, in good condition, will 

 give a greater profit for several years 

 than a better soil which is partially 

 exhausted and rendered foul by inju- 



365 



