FARM. 



stacks on. Each stack should be of 

 such a size as to be conveniently ta- 

 ken into the barn to be thrashed out. 

 The round form, and the square, 

 which becomes nearly round when 

 built up, are most convenient. Nine 

 stone or cast-iron pillars, with caps 

 over them, are placed on brick found- 

 ations, and support a strong frame 

 on which the stack is built. In the 

 centre of the stack there is usually a 

 pyramidical open frame, to allow the 

 air to circulate through the stack and 

 prevent the heating of the grain. On 

 each side of the yard should be placed 

 the stables, cow-houses, and feeding- 

 stalls, with a pump of good water 

 near the last, and convenient places 

 to put hay, straw, and turnips in, with 

 a machine to cut them. A great deal 

 of time and labour is saved by a 

 proper arrangement of the difTerent 

 parts of the farm buildings. An un- 

 der-ground cistern near the cow- 

 house and stables, into which the 

 urine and washings of the cow-house 

 may run by means of a sink or drain, 

 is a most useful appendage, which is 



too little thought of in England, 

 whereas it is one of the most indis- 

 pensable parts of a Flemish farm. It 

 supplies a kind of manure which caa 

 be applied to the land at all times, 

 which invigorates sickly crops, and 

 may often produce an abundant re- 

 turn, where otherwise there would 

 be a complete failure. There are 

 many plans of farm buildings given 

 in works on agriculture, which com- 

 bine all that is useful on a large scale. 

 Most of these plans have been exe- 

 cuted at a great expense for the farm- 

 ing establishments of men of large 

 fortunes. But the proprietor who de- 

 sires to erect buildings most proper 

 for the occupation of his land must 

 study economy, and lay out no more 

 in buildings than is necessary. They 

 should be so substantial as not to re- 

 quire frequent repairs, without un- 

 necessarily increasing the original ex- 

 pense of materials and labour. Light 

 thatched roofs are sufficient for the 

 sheds and smaller buildings, and even 

 for the cow-houses and stables. 

 " We here give a plan of plain farm 



Buildings for a Farm o/300 acres. 



f 



/Iz 



A , a 6 EI 

 lie 



32^1 



267 



