GUD 



GTTM 



applied to the small grain crops when 

 they are throwing out new stems, or 

 tillering ; to corn, as the tassel ap- 

 pears, or at the second hoeing, and 

 so with other hoed crops. This ap- 

 plication should be made, therefore, 

 at the latest period of working, and 

 as nearly before flowering as practi- 

 cable. The guano should be sowed 

 with a mixture of fine soil, gypsum, 

 or charcoal, to give it bulk, and di- 

 vide the particles. No lumps should 

 be thrown among the plants, for they 

 burn them ; and where an extensive 

 application is to be made, it is better 

 to screen the manure and pound the 

 lumps. In sowing, reach the soil, if 

 possible, for it is unserviceable to 

 sprinkle it on the plants, and frequent- 

 ly destroys them. Select a season 

 when the land is wet or moist, or 

 when rain may be expected, for in 

 dry weather the guano does not an- 

 swer well, or even does injury. But 

 if the crop suits, always prefer ma- 

 nuring the plant or hill ; do this while 

 hoeing ; less guano is thus used, and 

 more certain effects result. One ta- 

 blespoonful to the hill of corn, tobac- 

 co, potatoes, &c., is an abundance for 

 each application. If a solution be 

 preferred, mix one pound in ten gal- 

 lons of water, and water sparingly 

 with this on the soil, and not on the 

 plants, at the times before mentioned, 

 taking care to stir up the insoluble 

 portion when applied. For this pur- 

 pose, the African variety will be most 

 suitable ; or, where rapid growth is 

 wanted, irrespective of seed, the clear 

 solution may be applied, the insolu- 

 ble matter (phosphates, ckc), being 

 reserved for wheat and corn. Guano 

 may be composted with common soil, 

 or anything but lime and unleachcd 

 ashes, for these liberate the free am- 

 monia, and thus diminish the effects 

 of the manure. 



Value, compared uilh other Ma- 

 mires. — So far as the experiments in 

 England and Scotland may be addu- 

 ced, one cwt. of guano is equal to 

 about tive tons of farm-yard manure 

 on an average ; but it is much high- 

 er for turnips than for grass, &:c. 



GUDGEONS. " In machinery, the 



pins inserted in the extremities of a 

 shaft, or the axle of a wheel, on which 

 it turns, and which support the whole 

 weight. In order to diminish friction, 

 gudgeons are made as small as pos- 

 sible in diameter, leaving, however, 

 sufficient strength to support the 

 weight. They are frequently formed 

 of cast iron, on account of its cheap- 

 ness ; but wrought iron of the same 

 dimensions is considerably stronger, 

 and will support a greater load." 



GUINEA CORN. Egyptian corn 1 

 Indian corn. 



GUINEA FOWL. See Poultry. 



GUINEA GRASS. JAMAICA 

 GRASS. Panicum polygamum. A 

 valuable perennial grass, thus denom- 

 inated, as it was first discovered on 

 the coast of Guinea. It was brought 

 to Jamaica, where it is now exten- 

 sively cultivated, and forms the means 

 by which so much cattle is raised 

 there. It grows from four to six feet 

 high. Cattle eat it, both in a fresh 

 and dry state, with great avidity. 



■' In spring," says Mr. Lawrence, 



of South Carolina, " I procured from 



Jamaica three half pints of Guinea 



grass seed, which I planted in the 



drills of one fourth part of an acre of 



very indifferent land ; the seed sprung 



up and soon covered the ground with 



; grass four feet high and upward. Be- 



\ ing desirous of saving as much seed 



I as possible, I cut one bundle of grass 



i for the horses : they ate it all with 



great avidity. 



i " In August I took one of the grass 

 ' roots and divided it into twenty- 

 I eight parts, which were immediate- 

 ly replanted : every part took root, 

 and the whole are now growing very 

 finely and seeding. I am of opinion 

 this grass will make the best pasture 

 we can wish for. From former ex- 

 perience, I have reason to believe the 

 , Guinea grass is perennial. It is ea- 

 ■ sily managed, requires but one good 

 hoeing, after which it will take care 

 I of itself" 



GUINEA PEPPER. Common red 

 pepper. Capsicum annuum. 



GUINEA PIG, or CAVY. Cavia 



cobaija, A small rodent animal of six 



J or seven inches in length, light colour, 



355 



