MAN 



to suit the beer or market ; the fire 

 is then allowed to die out. The pro- 

 cess requires nearly two days. The 

 malt should be kepi in a dry loft un- 

 til wanted : 100 pounds of good bar- 

 ley will yield 80 of malt. The kiln, in 

 small operations, need be no nu)re 

 than a room with a draught through 

 it, heated by the pipe of a stove. In 

 drying, the small roots break off, and 

 furnish the malt dust. 



MALT DUST. It is sometimes 

 called malt combs, and has been found 

 useful as a manure or a top-dressing 

 when sown over the cereal grasses 

 in the early spring season. 



The proper quantity of dust is, if 

 top-dressed, for wheat, 36 to 40 bush- 

 els ; if drilled with the crop, for bar- 

 ley and turnips, 30 to 34 bushels. It 

 is also eminently calculated for grass 

 lands, and if applied in the latter pro- 

 portion, it will produce a very con- 

 siderable increase of the best feed. 

 Malt dust is also in some places em- 

 ployed in the feeding of milch cows 

 and pigs. 



M A L U S. The generic name of 

 the apple. 



MALVACEAE (from Malca, one of 

 the genera). " A natural order of 

 mucilaginous, exogenous plants, with 

 polypetalous flowers and monadelph- 

 ous stamens. The species are herbs, 

 buslies, or trees, and are found all 

 over the temperate and tropical parts 

 of the world, especially the latter. 

 Their flowers are in many cases large 

 and handsome ; but the order is chief- 

 ly interesting from the Gossypium,ox 

 true cotton plant, forming a part of 

 it. Another species is the marsh- 

 mallow, or Allhaa officinalis ; and 

 some yield a fibre fit for manufacture 

 into cordage." — (Lindlci/.) 



MAMMALIA (from mamma, a teat). 

 The highest division of animals, with 

 developed extremities, a vertebral col- 

 umn, and mammae. 



MAMMARY. Relating to the 



MAM MILLAR Y. In minerals, 

 covered with rounded knobs like small 



teats 



MANDIBLE, MANDIBULA (from 

 mandibvU, a jaw). In zoology, this 



MAN 



term is applied to the lower jaw of 

 mammals, and to both jaws of birds 

 (except by Illiger, who restricts its 

 appellation to the lower jaw in this 

 class also). In insects, it is applied 

 to the upper or anterior pair of jaws. 



MANDIBULATES, MANDIBU- 

 LATA. The name of a grand section 

 of insects, including all those which 

 preserve their organs of mastication 

 in their last or perfect state. 



MANDISC. The cassava plant 

 {Janifha manihot). 



MANDRAKE. A fabulous root. 



MANDREL. A revolving shank 

 to which turners alflx their work in 

 the lathe. 



MANEGE. The management of 

 horses. 



MANGANESE. A black mineral, 

 the peroxide of manganese. The 

 metal is gray, brittle, and hard ; sp. 

 gr., 8 : not used in the arts. The black 

 oxide is used to obtain oxygen; it 

 consists of Mg. 28 4- oxygen 16. 

 The protoxide of manganese forms 

 numerous salts, some of which are 

 occasionally present in the ashes of 

 plants, probably as a substitute for 

 iron ; they do not appear to be im- 

 portant. There is also a vmnganic 

 TinA. per manganic acid, which are, how- 

 ever, without agricultural interest. 



MANGE. " A skin disease, which 

 attacks several domestic animals, es- 

 pecially the dog, and which is at- 

 tended with an eruption and loss of 

 hair. 



" In the horse it is known to exist 

 by the animal's constantly rubbing or 

 biting himself, so as to remove the 

 hair, and soinetimes produce ulcera- 

 tion. The hair of the mane and tail 

 frequently falls off, and small scabs 

 may generally be observed about the 

 roots of those which remain. This 

 disease is seldom met with, except in 

 common stables, where scarcely any 

 attention is paid to the horses, and 

 where their food is of the worst qual- 

 ity : horses highly kept, if not prop- 

 erly attended to, are also subject to 

 this disease, which is very conta- 

 gious. 



" The causes of mange are sud- 

 den charges of temperature, hot sta- 



477 



