OAK 



they have been perforated by worms 

 they feel light ; and thou-'h the holes 

 have been fraudulently stopped, the 

 unsound ones may be easily detected 

 by this criterion. 



"Nutmegs alibrd two oily products : 

 1. Butter of nutmeg, vulgarly cahed 

 oil ot mace, is obtained in the Moluc- 

 cas, by expression, from the fresh 

 nutmegs, to the amount of fifty per 

 cent, of their weight. It is a reddish- 

 yellow, butter-like substance, inter- 

 spersed with light and dark streaks 

 and possesses the agreeable smell 

 and taste of the nutmeg, from the 

 presence of a volatile oil. It consists 

 ot two fats : one reddish and soft, 

 soluble in cold alcohol ; another white 

 and solid, soluble in hot alcohol 2 

 The volatile oil is solid, or slercoptcne, 

 and has been styled myristkine." 

 _ The nutmegs are exclusively trop- 

 ical, and found in America as well as 

 India. The Santa Fe nutmeg is the 

 Mynstica otoha. 



A-UTRITION. The manner in 

 Which a living animal or plant, or 

 any part of their structure, is sustain- 

 ed, and the organs preserved from 

 waste and decay 



NUX VOMICA. The seeds of the 

 ^trychnos mix vomica, a tree of India 

 ihey are very poisonous, and con-! 

 tain strychnia and brucia. 

 iVl MPH. A pupa, or grub. 



OAK 



O. 



OAK. Trees of the genus Quercus, 

 remarkable for the durability and 

 toughness of their timber, their size 

 and handsome appearance. Their 

 acorns are also of considerable value 

 as food for pigs, and in Europe are 

 often collected and sold as produce 

 The oaks require, for the most part 

 a rich, clayey soil, rather moist and 

 deep ; hence many oak lands form 

 good wheat soils. The followincr is 

 iMichaux's classification of American 

 oaks, including three exotics only : 

 First Division. 

 Fructification annual. 

 First Secticv.— Leases lobcd. 

 1. White onkiQuercus alba), seventy 

 to eighty feet high. 

 5S4 



2. Common European oak {Qucrcns 

 rohur), sixty to eighty feet high 



3. European white oak {Quercus ro- 

 tnir pcdunculata), sixty to eighty 

 feet high. ^'S"iy 



4. Mossy-cup oak (Quercus oHvcEror- 

 ms), seventy to eighty feet high 



5. Over-cup white oak (Quercus mac 

 rocarpa), seventy to eighty feet 



6. Post oak (Quercus ohtusiloba), thir- 

 ty to fifty feet high. 



7. Over- cup oak (Quercus lyrata), 

 sixty to seventy feet high. 



Second Section.— Leaves toothed 



8. Swamp white oak (Quercus bi- 

 color), sixty to seventy feet high 



9. Chestnut white oak (Quercus pri- 

 7WS) seventy to eighty feet high. 



, 10. Rock chestnut oak (Quercus mon- 

 tana), thirty to forty feet high. 



11. Yellow oak (Quercus acummala) 

 sixty to seventy feet high 



13. Small chestnut oak(Quercus chin- 

 quapin), a shrub of three to four 

 teet high. 



Second Division. 

 Fructification biennial ; leaves mucro- 

 nated (except in the 13th species). 

 First Section.— Leat-c* obtuse or en- 

 tire. 



13. Live oak (Quercus virens), ever- 

 . . Sree^, forty to sixty feet high. 



14. Cork o-dk (Quercus suber), Spanish 

 tree. 



15. ^y mow oak (Quercus phellos), thir- 

 ty to sixty feet hi-^h 



16. Laurel oak (Quercus imhricario), 

 shingle oak, forty to fifty feet high 



17. Lpland willow oak (Quercus an- 

 erea), evergreen Southern, twen- 

 ty feet high. 



18. Running oak (Quercus pumila), 

 two feet high. 



Second Sectios. —Leaves lobed. 



19. Bartram oak (Quercus heterophyl- 

 la), said to be found only on one 

 plantation. 



Water oak (Quercus aquatica), 

 thirty to forty feet high. 

 Black Jack oak (Quc7cus ferrug-i- 

 nca), small, barren oak. 

 Bear oak (Quercus banisieri, v. 

 dicifolia), two to nine feet high. 



20 

 21. 

 22. 



