ORA 



ORG 



frost, they are readily raised in or- 

 angeries kept above 32^ Fahrenheit. 

 They are evergreens : the flowers 

 are large, white, and odoriferous, ex- 

 isting at the same time as the fruit, 

 which is too well known to require 

 description. Orange-trees thrive best 

 in a good loamy soil, mixed with a 

 quantity of rotten dung. The difTer- 

 ent kinds are procured by budding or 

 grafting on common stocks. Stocks 

 for working upon are raised from any 

 oranges, lemons, dec. They are some- 

 times raised from cuttings, in which 

 case they produce fruit when very 

 small plants. The flowers of the or- 

 ange-tree yield, by distillation, a fra- 

 grant volatile oil, known by the name 

 of oil of Neroli. The fruit of the 

 bignaroll, or bitter orange, makes one 

 of the best preserves that can be eat- 

 en, namely, Scotch marmalade. The 

 unripe fruit is used for flavouring the 

 liquor called Curagoa. The ripe fruit 

 is wholesome, and a useful refriger- 

 ant in fevers." 



ORANGE DYE. A mixture of 

 red and yellow dyes. 



ORANGE, OSAGE. Maclaura au- 

 rantica. A small, handsome, decidu- 

 ous tree or shrub of 15 feet, bearing 

 a large fruit somewhat like an orange 

 in appearance. It is a native of Ar- 

 kansas, but grows in New- York. Be- 

 ing a branching, thorny, and quick- 

 growing shrub, it has been recom- 

 mended for hedges ; it is readily prop- 

 agated from seeds, and grows suffi- 

 ciently in three years to form a fence : 

 the seeds germinate in a few weeks, 

 and one fruit yields some two hun- 

 dred ; three may be set in holes five 

 feet apart, and thinned to one after 

 the first year. 



OR.^NGERY. "A kind of gallery 

 in a garden, or parterre, to preserve 

 orange-trees in during the winter sea- 

 son. For trees in large boxes a pro- 

 portionably large and lofty house is 

 requisite ; it may be opaque on the 

 north side, with a glass roof, front, 

 and ends, of any convenient or de- 

 sired length, width, and height. For 

 one of moderate size, the height at 

 the back wall may be fifteen feet, at 

 front ten feet, and the width of the 

 538 



house fifteen feet. The floor may be 

 either perfectly level, and the boxes 

 placed on it, the largest behind, so as 

 their tops may form a slope to the 

 front glass ; or if the trees are young, 

 a stage may be erected for a few 

 years, in order to raise the plants to 

 the light ; but if the trees are of a 

 considerable size, the best way is to 

 have square pits in the floor at regu- 

 lar distances, somewhat larger than 

 each box, and in these to sink the 

 boxes, covering them with mould, 

 sand, or moss, nearly to the level of 

 the pavement, so that each tree so 

 placed and dressed will appear as if 

 placed in a small compartment of 

 earth." 



ORANGE, WILD. Prunus Caro- 

 liniana. A kind of cherry evergreen, 

 and growing to the size of a small 

 tree ; the fruit is not edible, but the 

 tree is much esteemed on the South- 

 ern seaboard as an ornamental plant. 

 It is a native of Florida. 



ORBIT. In birds, the skin which 

 surrounds the eye : the bony cavity 

 in which the eye is set. 



ORCHARD. A collection of fruit- 

 trees. The operations of the orchard 

 are to be found under their respective 

 heads. The best soil is somewhat 

 calcareous or marly for the PomacccB, 

 or apples, pears, peaches, cherries, 

 plums, and apricots ; btit the " hard 

 gravelly soil of the Eastern States, 

 the sandy soil of New Jersey, the clay 

 soil of Pennsylvania, and the rich al- 

 luvial bottoms of tlie West, all pro- 

 duce an abundance of the different 

 varieties of fruit, when proper atten- 

 tion is given to the trees. Mr. Phin- 

 ney, of Lexington, Massachusetts, 

 has ditched and drained one of his 

 swamps, and has now on it a luxu- 

 riant orchard of apple-trees. The 

 great point is to have a dry soil. If it 

 is not sufficiently rich, make it so ; 

 no man should expect to have Jine 

 crops of anything unless his soil is 

 rich. 



" Setting out Trees (Mr. Pell's plan). 

 — If by exposure the roots have be- 

 come dry, immerse them in water 

 for 20 or 30 hours previous to setting 

 them out. Prepare a compost as fol- 



