ox. 



be ordered or taken. The faltering 

 of the pulse is the unerring indica- 

 tion of the abstraction of the proper 

 quantity. If the pulse again throbs 

 hardly, the bleeding should be repeat- 

 ed. The bowels should be opened 

 by means of Epsom salts. Setons in 

 the dewlap should not be forgotten, 

 and blisters should be rubbed on the 

 sides with right good earnest. The 

 diet should consist of thin gruel and 

 mashes. Pleurisy may often be dis- 

 tinguished by a peculiar symptom, 

 twitchings and shiverings about the 

 chest and shoulders, these being the 

 parts external to the seat of pain. 

 Little waves appear to be stealing 

 over the skin, and the animal shrinks 

 when the sides are pressed upon. 

 The treatment is the same as in in- 

 flammation of the lungs. Consump- 

 tion is the most frequent and fatal of 

 all the diseases of the chest in cattle ; 

 it is the consequence or the winding 

 up of every other pulmonary com- 

 plaint. It is distinguished by a feeble 

 and hoarse cough, evidently accom- 

 panied by pain, and interrupted be- 



fore it is perfectly completed ; for 

 a while the beast may continue to 

 thrive ; she — for it is oftenest a dis- 

 ease of the female — may increase in 

 condition ; but she will presently be- 

 gin to waste rapidly away. Medi- 

 cine is powerless in this disease. 

 The animal must be disposed of or 

 destroyed. 



" Firstamongihe diseases of thedi- 

 gestivcsysXcm is choking, or the stop- 

 ping of a piece of carrot or turnip, or 

 other hard substance, in its passage 

 down the gullet. The cart-rope or the 

 cart-whip is resorted to in order to 

 force it along the canal, and much mis- 

 chief has ensued from the violence 

 that has been resorted to on tiiese 

 occasions. Probangs are now con- 

 structed at trifling expense, and may 

 be had from most surgical-instrument 

 makers in town and country, by means 

 of which the purpose may be readily 

 effected, and without danger. See 

 Prohang. 



" From the gullet the food passes 

 into the stomachs of the animal, of 

 which there are four (see Fig.). The 



a, the gullet, i, the paunch, c, the honey: 



commencement i 



first is the rumen, or paunch, into 

 which the imperfectly- masticated 

 food, as it is hastily gathered, de- 

 scends ; it is there macerated and 

 prepared to be returned for a second 

 or more complete grinding. Some- 

 times this stomach becomes over- 

 loaded with food : this is the grain 

 side of the dairy. The animal refu- 

 ses to eat, he becomes uneasy, moans, 

 swells at the flank, and a kind of un- 

 consciousness gradually steals upon 

 him. The symptoms are often treach- 

 erous, and would deceive him who 

 was not thoroughly acquainted with 

 the diseases of cattle ; but the intro- 

 duction of the probang, if necessary, 



Zz 2 



comb, d, the manyplies. 

 of the duodenum. 



e, the reed. /, the 



] will reveal the real state of the case. 

 i The stomach-pump will be of admi- 

 I rable use here. Any quantity of fluid 

 I can be injected into the stomach, 

 and the hardened mass may be ren- 

 dered more fluid, and removed by 

 means of the pump; or, if the stom- 

 ach is too full to admit the probang, 

 and to be thus evacuated, an incision 

 may be made in the flank, and the 

 accumulated mass withdrawn by the 

 hand. 



" At other times an unnatural fer- 

 mentation commences, and the stom- 

 ach is inflated with gas. One look 

 at the sides will sufficiently indicate 

 the inflation of the paunch ; this is 



64S 



