TUR 



TUR 



sects which feed on plants. Prep- 

 arations and mixtures of the seed, as 

 already treated of, are all that have 

 yet been done in the way of prevent- 

 ive to this evil. 



" The caterpillar makes its appear- 

 ance after the plants have produced 

 three or more rough leaves ; these 

 they eat through, and either destroy 

 or greatly impede the progress of the 

 plants. There can be little doubt 

 that the eggs of these caterpillars 

 are deposited on the leaves of the 

 plants by a species of moth, as the 

 caterpillar may be detected when not 

 larger in diameter than a hair. As 

 preventives to the moths from fixing 

 on the turnips for a depository for 

 their eggs, it has been proposed to 

 place vessels with tar in different 

 parts of the field, the smell of which 

 is known to be very offensive to moths 

 and all insects ; or to cause a thick 

 offensive smoke from straw or weeds ! 

 to pass over the ground at the time ' 

 when it is supposed the moths or pa- ! 

 rent flies are about to commence 

 their operations. To destroy the cat- 

 erpillar itself, watering with tobacco 

 water, lime-water, strong brine, and ' 

 laying on ashes, barley awns, (Sec, [ 

 have been proposed. j 



" The slug and snail attack the ' 

 plants both above and under ground, | 

 and eat both the leaves and roots. | 

 Rolling, soot, quicklime, awns, &c., 

 have been proposed to annoy them ; I 

 but the only effectual mode is, im- I 

 mediately after the turnips are sown, ! 

 to strew the ground with cabbage 

 leaves, or leaves of any of the Bras- 

 sica tribe. On these, especially if ' 

 sweet from incipient decay, the slugs 

 will pasture, and may be gathered off 

 by women or children every morn- 

 ing. If as many cabbage leaves, or 

 handfuls of decaying pea haulm, or 

 any similar vegetable, be procured as 

 will go over a ridge or two, say at 

 the rate of a leaf to every square 

 yard, a whole field may soon be 

 cleared by picking off the slugs and 

 removing the leaves once in 24 hours. 

 This mode we have found most ef- 

 fectual, and it is e.Ktensively prac- 

 tised by market and other gardeners. 

 S16 



" The mildew and blight attack the 

 turnip in different stages of its prog- 

 ress, and always retard its growth. 

 Its effects may be palliated by wa- 

 tering and strewing the leaves with 

 sulphur ; but this will hardly be con- 

 sidered applicable to whole fields. 



" The worms attack the roots, and, 

 when they commence their ravages 

 at an early period, impede their 

 growth, and ruin or greatly injure 

 the crop. They admit of no remedy 

 or prevention. 



" The forked excrescences known 

 as fingers and toes in some places, 

 and as the anbury in others, are con- 

 sidered an alarming disease, and hith- 

 erto it can neither be guarded against 

 nor cured." See Anbury. 



TURNIP CABBAGE. The kohl 

 rabi. 



TURNIP CART. " This is an in- 

 genious ajdaptation of the disk turnip 

 cutter to the turnip cart. The disk 

 is put in motion by a face-wheel fixed 

 upon the nave of the cart-wheel, 

 wiiich, as it revolves, communicates 

 by means of cog wheels with the axis 

 of the cutting plate. It offers a very 

 convenient mode of feeding sheep 

 on pastures or lawns, and was intro- 

 duced about the year 1834 by Arthur 

 Bidden, farmer, of Playford, the in- 

 ventor ol the well-known scarifier 

 which bears his name." — (Johnson.) 



TURNIP CUTTERS. In feed- 

 ing sheep and stock with turnips, as 

 well as other roots, it is necessary to 

 cut them into small pieces to hinder 

 choking and facilitate digestion. For 

 oxen and pigs, it may be better to 

 steam them ; but for sheep, the com- 

 mon practice is to cut them. The 

 simplest form of vegetable emitter is 

 like the simplest straw cutter, two or 

 more knives set in a lever and worked 

 upon a table {Fig. 1); but this is a 

 slow machine, and has been, for the 

 most part, superseded by implements 

 of the construction shown in Fig. 2, 

 which consists of a side hopper, con- 

 taining the roots, and a wheel set 

 with blades on two or more of its 

 spokes. As these are revolved be- 

 fore the bottom of the hopper, the 

 turnips or other roots are cut into 



