128. The Horse Farrier. 



difficult to stop, the gruel must be thicker, and four oun- 

 ces of prepared or powdered chalk, well mixed with or 

 suspended in it, with two scruples or a drachm of pow- 

 dered opium. 



~No oil should enter into the composition of a clyster, 

 except that linseed oil may be used for the expulsion of 

 the ascarides, or needle-worms. 



In epidemic catarrh, when the horse sometimes obsti- 

 nately refuses to eat or to drink, his strengh may be sup- 

 ported by nourishing clysters ; but they should consist of 

 thick gruel only, and not more than a quart should be 

 administered at once. 



TRACHEOTOMY. 



""This operation consists in making an opening into 

 the windpipe to admit air to the lungs, when the natural 

 passage is obstructed by foreign bodies, or when its cali- 

 bre is lessened by tumefaction occasioned by disease. In 

 severe cases of laryngitis, strangles, and their kindred 

 diseases, when the patient seems almost suffocated, trach- 

 eotomy should be immediately performed. In perform- 

 ing the operation, we select a spot about six inches be- 

 low the throat, in front of the neck, and over the region 

 of the windpipe ; an incision is to be made with a com- 

 mon penknife, (in lieu of a better instrument,) to the ex- 

 tent of two or three inches, in a downward direction, so 

 as to lay bare the trachea ; having exj>osed space suffi- 

 cient, a circular piece between two rings, corresponding 

 to the size of the tube, is to be cut out, and a short tube 

 inserted, which can be confined in position by means of 

 tape passed around the neck. When the obstruction is 

 removed, or the fances restored to their natural state, . 

 remove the tube, bring the edges of the integuments to- 

 gether, and sew them up." — Dr. Dadd. 



