To6 Artificial Systems and Terminology of [BOOK i. 



another in habit and fructification, that is, absolutely distinct. In 

 the communication of 1764 the following words occur: 



1. Creator T.O. in primordio vestiit vegetabile medullare 

 principiis constitutivis diversi corticalis, unde tot difformia indi- 

 vidua, quot ordines naturales, prognata. 



2. Classicas has plantas Omnipotens miscuit inter se, unde 

 tot genera ordinum, quot inde plantae. 



3. Genericas has miscuit natura, unde tot species congeneres, 

 quot hodie existunt. 



4. Species has miscuit casus, unde totidem quot passim occur- 

 runt varietates. 



Hugo Mohl was right in rejecting Heufler's assumption that 

 a view resembling the modern theory of descent was contained 

 in these paragraphs. It must be plain to any one who knows 

 the ideas of Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Cesalpino, within the 

 sphere of which Linnaeus is here moving, what he understands 

 by his 'vegetabile medullare' and 'corticale'; that he does not 

 for a moment mean a plant of simplest organisation, but that both 

 expressions indicate only the original elements of vegetation 

 which the Creator, according to Linnaeus, united to one another 

 at the first. He assumed that plants of the highest and of the 

 lowest grades of organisation were originally created at the same 

 time and alongside of one another ; no new class-plants were 

 afterwards created, but from the mingling together of the exist- 

 ing ones by the act of the Creator generically distinct forms 

 were produced, and the natural mingling of these gave birth to 

 species, while varieties were mere chance deviations from 

 species. / But it is to be noticed that in these minglings or 

 hybridisations the woody substance of the one form which 

 supplies the pollen is united with the pith-substance of the 

 other form, whose pistil is thus fertilised ; and so in these 

 supposed crossings it is always the two original elements of the 

 plant, the medullary and the cortical, which are mingled 

 together. 



