Embarking and Disembarking Horses, 57 



head-collar, to which is attached two strong 

 ropes to act as leading reins. A bridle 

 (snaffle) is necessary only when a horse 

 has to be walked on board ; but even in that 

 case, a halter or head-collar will almost always 

 be sufficient. 



Mr. Desmond, G.M.V.C., draws my atten- 

 tion to the fact that in hot climates, horses 

 should be put on board last, so that the 

 interval between their embarkation and the 

 sailing of the ship may be as short as possible. 

 He tells me that the horses belonging to the 

 contingent of South Australian Imperial Bush- 

 men, with which he came over from Adelaide 

 to South Africa, were put on board first, and 

 had consequently to wait for twenty-four hours 

 without a breath of air to cool them ; the 

 result being that ten per cent, of the animals 



