140 Horses on Board Ship. 



too short, the horse may be prevented from 

 eating ; and if too long, he may not only 

 tease and bite his neighbour or companion, 

 but may appropriate his food. 



The application of coal tar to the tying-up 

 ropes and hay nets, will often prevent horses 

 gnawing them, which crib - biters are particu- 

 larly fond of doing. Coal tar is much more 

 effective for this purpose than wood tar. 



Chains of a fixed length can be substi- 

 tuted with great advantage for tying up- 

 ropes. Their utility is still further increased 

 by the addition of spring hooks. 



