8 



lungs always remains about the same in quantity; its quality is maintained by 

 constant motion of its molecules, the supply of which is renewed by continual 

 interchange with tidal air. 



Venous blood is cooled slightly by evaporation in the lungs, and by loss of 

 carbon and hydrogen. 



The liberation of hydrogen from the watery elements of the blood, by elec- 

 trolytic action leaves free oxygen in the blood stream, which accounts for the 

 excess of free oxygen in arterial blood, as will be fully elucidated in the 

 course of analysis. 



The blood, as a whole, is dia-magnetic, that is, it has a tendency to throw 

 out force from, and at right angles to its center. This being a fact, it would 

 be impossible to form an attractive magnetic field in the blood current, if 

 Nature had not placed para-magnetic iron with the 55 per cent of carbon in 

 the hemoglobin. 



The carbon attracted by the iron forms a magnet which, when charged with 

 electro-chemic energy, creates a current in the center of the blood stream, 

 causing this part to move more rapidly than the surrounding parts of the 

 fluid. 



Oxygen of venous blood, made free by the loss of hydrogen, is attracted to 

 the positive carbon, and arranges itself in a loose manner at right angles to 

 the carbon of hemoglobin. None of these elements unite on account of the 

 inflow of electyo-chemic energy from the atmosphere at this point. It is a law 

 of electrolytic action that the movement of a current through a fluid decom- 

 poses its elements and prevents union which would otherwise take place. 

 This action explains why carbon di-oxide is not formed in the blood ; it also 

 shows why there is no coagulation in circulating blood. 



In experimenting on venous blood, I have submitted the coagulated blood 

 to the action of currents of galvanic electricity with the following results: 

 coagulated blood was made fluid, also its color was changed and rechanged, 

 according to the application of the electrodes. 



When venous blood is subjected to the action of an electric current the 

 molecular arrangement is disturbed and altered. The instant a current enters 

 the blood there is great activity among its elements — they begin to circulate 

 freely, and each moves toward the point of electrical attraction. Carbon, 

 hydrogen and all other positive elements are torn from their union with other 

 elements of the blood, and collect at the negative pole of the circuit, while 

 oxygen and all negative elements collect at the positive pole. 



The carboniferous elements at the negative pole give to the blood its dark, 

 venous hue, while those" of free oxygen and other negative elements at the 

 positive pole give the characteristic scarlet hue to arterial blood, showing 

 clearly that electro-chemic action is the cause of change of color in the blood. 



We have shown that energy results from the chemical changes which take 



