128 VETERINARY LECTURES 



jaw. There is also situated, in the mucous lining of 

 the mouth, the labial, buccal, and mucous glands. 



(3) The Pharynx, or throat (Plate XVII., No. 4).— This is 



a muscular tube lined by mucous membrane, and 

 connects the mouth with the oesophagus. 



(4) The CEsophagus, or gullet (Plate XVII., No. 5). — This 



is the canal which leads from the throat to the stomach, 

 is lined by mucous membrane, and the walls are made 

 up of longitudinal and circular involuntary muscle and 

 connective tissue. 



(5) The Stomach (Plate XVII., No. 6) is the connecting 



medium between the gullet and small intestine. It 

 inclines to the left of the anterior portion of the 

 abdominal cavity. The stomach of the horse is very 

 small compared with the size of the animal, and 

 greatly resembles a bagpipe in shape. It has three 

 coats : outside serous ; middle muscular, of three 

 sections; and inside mucous, of two parts — i.e., one 

 w r hite cuticular, resembling the surface skin, and con- 

 nected with the opening of the gullet, which enters 

 the stomach on the left side by the cardiac orifice ; the 

 other pale pink, villous, or velvety, on the right side of 

 the stomach, and this is the true digestive portion, 

 being continued into the small intestine by the opening 

 termed the pyloric orifice. 



(6) The Small Intestine of the Horse (Plate XVII., 



No. 9). — This comprises the duodenum, 2 feet long ; the 

 jejunum, 30 feet long ; and the ileum, 40 feet long. The 

 total capacity of the small intestine is estimated to be 

 about 11 gallons. 



(7) The Large Intestine of the Horse (Plate XVII., 



Nos. 10, 11 , and 12). — This is divided into the cacum, 

 or blind gut (commonly called the water-bag), 3 feet 



