140 



VETERINARY LECTURES 



sharp bones, which penetrate the tongue. The animal shows signs 

 that something is wrong in the mouth by rubbing the floor with the 

 cheeks, or poking the side of the face with the fore-paws, the saliva 

 at the same time running from the mouth. When this is noticed, 

 examine and remove the offending object. A common cause of 

 injury to the tongues and mouths of horses and cattle is due to the 

 administration of drugs, such as turpentine and ammonia, in un- 





. 





f * • .^lU^s 





Fig. 3 —Actinomycosis in Cow's Tongue. 



1, 1. Cancerous cells. 

 2. Fibrous tissue. 



3. Nodules of Ray fungus. 



4. Radiating fibres of Ray fungus. 



suitable vehicles. Turpentine should be given in linseed-oil, or, if 

 oil is not handy, milk makes a good substitute, or it may be beaten 

 up with eggs and water. Never give turpentine in cold water ; but 

 ammonia, on the other hand, should be diluted with plenty of cold 

 water when administered. If strong ammonia has been administered 

 by mistake, wash the mouth out with vinegar and water. Spirits, 

 such as whisky, should always be diluted with the same quantity of 

 cold water, for I have known of extensive injury having been done 



