H* VETERINARY LECTURES 



night and morning, in a pint of cold water, scarifying the tongue 

 with a sharp knife, and applying tincture of iodine to the indurated 

 parts, occasionally answers well. When the bones are affected, 

 the iodine treatment is of little or no avail, and surgical inter- 

 ference is rarely beneficial. One peculiar case I had was a cow 

 that was losing flesh very fast. Her lower jaw was constantly 

 on the move, and the tongue was hanging partly out of the mouth 

 as if paralyzed. Saliva flowed freely, and there was frothing 

 round the lips, presenting, in fact, all the symptoms of some- 

 thing sticking amongst the teeth or in the tongue, or an attack of 

 actinomycosis ; but examination showed that neither was the case. 

 At times she fed, but swallowed with great difficulty, never chew- 

 ing the cud, and occasionally vomiting the food. I ordered her to 

 be slaughtered, when a large darning-needle was found sticking in 

 the passage between the second and third stomachs. Yet the animal 

 neither swelled nor had any cough. Another case of a cow which 

 showed similar symptoms was, on slaughtering, found to have 

 actinomycosis of the second stomach, the walls of which were nearly 

 one inch in thickness. 



236. Aphtha, or Thrush — simple inflammation of the lining 

 membrane of the mouth. Young calves and lambs are also subject 

 to this complaint. On examining the mouth, sometimes numerous 

 small blebs, or vesicles, are seen, filled with a thin watery fluid, 

 which leave little white-looking ulcers when they burst. In other 

 cases the mouth is very red and hot, with the mucous lining peeling 

 off, and this prevents the young animals from sucking and feeding, 

 while, in cases of the lamb, it sometimes affects the teats of the dam, 

 and sets up inflammation of the udder. Thrush is generally thought 

 to be due to some derangement of the digestive organs. Treat- 

 ment. — For lambs, 2 scruples each of carbonate of magnesia, car- 

 bonate of soda, powdered rhubarb and powdered ginger, should be 

 given in a little cold water night and morning ; and for calves double 

 the above dose may be given, also the mouth should be washed with 

 the boracic lotion two or three times a day (par. 1069, No. III.). 

 Further, place blocks of rock-salt on the pastures for the animals to 

 lick, or in the manger for the calves. 



