I7 6 VETERINARY LECTURES 



puppies. For these young animals, small doses of santonin — from 

 J to i grain given every four or six days in a little milk — answers 

 best. 



277. Cystic Worms.— Taenia, or tape-worms, of which there 

 are several kinds, are numerous in the dog. Symptoms of the 

 presence of worms vary a great deal. Sometimes constipation is 

 present, at other times intermittent diarrhoea, variable appetite, loss 

 of flesh, rough, staring coat, gummy eyes, and a dry nose ; in fact, 

 the animal is all out of sorts. Treatment. — In all cases, particularly 

 when the skin is much affected, a dose of worm medicine should be 

 given. I have tried different kinds of formulas, but what I find to 

 answer best is as follows : Powdered areca-nut, from 10 to 60 grains ; 

 calomel, from \ grain to 3 grains ; and tartar emetic, \ grain to 

 3 grains, made into a ball with fluid extract of male shield fern, to be 

 given after fasting, followed up with a dose of castor oil. 



278. Liver Disorders.— (See Lecture VI., ' Digestive Organs,' 

 Part II.) 



PIG. 



279. Considering the scavenging habits and the filthy conditions 

 under which pigs are generally brought up, it is a great wonder 

 they do not suffer more from affections of the digestive organs. 

 The ailments most commonly met with are gastritis, or inflammation 

 of the stomach, constipation, diarrhoea, worms, and protrusion of the 

 rectum. 



280. Gastritis. — Inflammation of the stomach is generally caused 

 by consuming irritating indigestible substances, drinking salt brine, 

 the presence of worms, etc. When attacked, the animal is very 

 restless, refusing all foods, vomiting, and has a great thirst, while 

 sometimes the attack is accompanied by diarrhoea or constipation. 

 Treatment. — When constipation is present, small doses of castor oil in 

 milk can be given every six or eight hours. If the pain be severe, a 

 teaspoonful of chlorodyne and 5 to 10 drops of pure carbolic acid 

 may be added ; warm water and glycerine enemas should be given 

 every six or eight hours, and flannels wrung out of hot water ought 



