286 VETERINARY LECTURES 



terminate fatally, and the animal should be slaughtered early. 

 Cotton cake of any sort should never be given to animals under 

 twelve months old. 



444. Thrombi, or plugging of the bloodvessels, are occasionally 

 met with in the horse. They generally make their appearance after 

 a hearty drink of cold water while the animal is heated, or when a 

 horse has had a long, quick journey, and is pulled up for a time. On 

 re-starting, it is found to be intensely lame on one of its legs — usually 

 a hind one ; in fact, it can scarcely move. The limb has all the 

 appearance of being paralyzed, only the animal can move and stand 

 on it ; but it does so with great difficulty and pain, and perspires 

 freely. As the case proceeds, the veins are seen to be varicosed, the 

 leg begins to swell, and is very painful to the touch. There is a 

 great deal of constitutional disturbance present, the animal taking 

 little or no food. These cases take a long and tedious time to 

 recover. The acute febrile symptoms must be combated with mild 

 laxatives and sedative medicine. There is also a chronic form of 

 this disturbance, which is accompanied by swelled legs, varicose 

 veins, and a peculiar clumpy action of the leg. Diuretics, with 

 iron tonics and long rest, answer best in these cases (pay. 1073, 

 Nos. I. and II.). 



445. Phlebitis, or inflammation of a vein — more particularly 

 the jugular vein — is not so often seen nowadays, being generally 

 caused by too frequent or unskilful bleedings, especially in the case 

 of overfed animals of a febrile tendency. When in the jugular, the 

 vein is noticed to be very much swollen from the opening up to the 

 animal's head, with a mattery discharge from the wound. When 

 first observed, a smart blister applied over the enlargement generally 

 has the desired effect. Some cases, however, are met with in 

 which it is necessary to pass a seton along the engorged portion of 

 the vessel, and to tie up the animal short to the rack. Nearly all 

 the cases terminate with obliteration of the vein, and this requires 

 careful attention in examination for soundness. 



446. Azoturia, or Nitrogenous Urine, is due to an overloaded 

 state of the system, and occurs usually amongst horses which are too 



