332 VETERINARY LECTURES 



be acute, subacute, or chronic, and part of one, or perhaps both, lungs 

 may be affected. In some cases the animal shows no symptoms of 

 illness, feeding, chewing the cud, and milking ; and the great rise 

 of temperature may be the first thing to attract attention to the 

 chest, where the sounds peculiar to this disease are heard. Primarily, 

 there are crepitating murmurs, next a squeaky, jerky friction or 

 rubbing sound ; finally the lung solidifies, and no sound is to be 

 heard over that area. On striking or tapping the chest over this 

 part there is a dull, solid response. In an acute case the animal 

 drops off feeding, stops chewing the cud and giving milk, stands stiff 

 and thoughtful, with nose poked out, sides dropped in and flat. The 

 breathing is fast and entirely done by the abdominal muscles, 

 there is a short, dry, characteristic cough, and the temperature 

 generally ranges from 104 to 106 . Auscultation, or listening to 

 the sounds in the chest, with the history of the case, assists the 

 professional practitioner in arriving at a diagnosis. As the disease 

 has now been stamped out under the Contagious Diseases (Animals) 

 Act, no treatment is allowed. Inoculation is, however, carried on 

 in some countries with great success, and I have myself seen it tried 

 with the best results. Post-mortem shows the lungs to be of a 

 variegated red and white, or purple and white, solid marble appear- 

 ance, according to the stage of the disease. 



542. Tuberculosis, Consumption, or Scrofula, a disease due 

 to the presence of micro-organisms — the tubercle bacilli. All 

 the parts of the body are more or less subject to its baneful 

 influence ; and although the muscular tissue is seldom the seat 

 of the disease, yet in generalized tuberculosis the glands situated 

 in their midst may be so. The lungs, however, seem to be the 

 organs most affected. Tuberculosis attacking the lungs of the 

 cow may be acute or chronic. In the former I have seen the lungs 

 and inside of the walls of the chest studded all over with small 

 tubercular nodules, either grouped together or continuous. The 

 animal may possibly have been doing well up to the time it was 

 noticed to be severely ill — in fact, it may be quite fat. These cases 

 on their commencement exhibit all the symptoms of acute pneumonia, 



