THE URINARY SYSTEM 471 



796. Eversion of the Uterus in the Cow (Plate LL, Fig. 21).— 

 The same course must be adopted as in the mare, except when 

 standing, in which case, before attempting to return the organ, the 

 foetal membranes, if attached, must be removed ; the hind-quarters 

 can be elevated by putting a few barrow-loads of farm-yard manure 

 under the hind-feet, or by arranging bundles of straw on each side, in 

 case the animal lies down. If the animal is lying down, proceed in 

 the same way as for the mare. Cases are frequently met with where 

 the womb has been out for five or six hours, causing the mucous 

 membrane to become much congested, jelly-like, and very stiff, 

 from infiltration of fluid in the submucous tissue. Before attempt- 

 ing reduction in these cases, the uterus should be scarified (pricked) 

 in several places with the point of a lancet, and kneaded and pressed 

 with the hands to make it pliable. Pressure should never be 

 applied when the animal is straining — always yield to it. After 

 reduction, if 5 or 6 quarts of tepid water, containing 1 ounce 

 of tincture of iron, be injected into the womb, it acts as a good 

 antiseptic, and causes the uterus to contract, closing up any lacera- 

 tions which may have been caused in reduction. Stitches may or 

 may not be put across the vulva, or a truss may be put on to prevent 

 recurrence. Should the animal strain and press a great deal after 

 the operation, the best sedative is to drive it into a pond, letting it 

 stand up to the knees for fifteen or twenty minutes, and allowing it 

 to drink the water if so inclined. A good sedative draught, composed 

 of 1 to 2 wineglassfuls of laudanum and 1 pint of linseed oil, may 

 also be administered. In some cases the womb is torn to such a 

 degree that it has to be cut off — a formidable operation, yet successful 

 cases are recorded. 



797. Eversion of the Bladder (or bladder turned inside out) 

 also occasionally happens. It is easily known by its bluish-green 

 colour and the constant dribbling of water down the thighs, while 

 a portion of the bladder is seen hanging outside. On careful 

 examination of the parts, the meatus urinavius (neck of the bladder — 

 Plate XL I., B 7) is found. By gentle pressure it can be readily 

 returned ; but it is very difficult to keep in its place, though on 



