522 VETERINARY LECTURES 



cultivating the microbes that cause the disease, in certain media, or by 

 inoculating animals with the microbes, and so, by passing them through 

 their bodies, producing an attenuated form of vaccine. They are used 

 to prevent as well as to cure diseases. 



1096. Restraint Rope for the Horse. — Put the horse loose into a stall, 

 but with a halter on the head and twitch on the nose. Double a strong 

 cart-rope, and tie the loop end to the ring in the manger, or to the staps 

 of the hayrick ; then twist the loose ends of the rope together, and carry 

 behind the thighs, above the hock ; here make a loop in the rope, and 

 pass the ends over the top of the stall division and around the stall post, 

 putting the free end of the rope through the loop behind the thighs, 

 one or two attendants pulling the rope tight. Firing the hind-legs can 

 frequently be accomplished under this method. If possible, operate on 

 the leg next to the boards, then change sides for the other leg. For the 

 Cow, a ready mode of restraint is to put a strong, soft rope around the 

 body of the animal, over the loins and in front of the udder, or the sheath 

 in the male. Tie the ends of the rope securely, and put a strong walking- 

 stick under the rope on one side of the spine, and twist the stick round and 

 round until the rope is sufficiently tight. This will prevent the animal 

 from kicking, and keep it quiet during the operation. Another method 

 is to tie a piece of rope, about 5 feet long, around the hind-legs ; the 

 middle of the rope is put around the outside of the left hind-leg above 

 the hock, and the ends brought between the legs and twisted, bringing 

 one end in front of the right hock and the other behind, and knotting 

 together on the outside. 



1097. Setons are occasionally used to set up counter-irritation for the removal 

 of deep-seated inflammations, and to drain off the contents of a watery 

 cyst or an abscess ; also to act as an alterative, as well as a prophylactic 

 measure against black-quarter in cattle. The seton consists of a piece of 

 linen tape, smeared over with some digestive or blister ointment, and 

 inserted under the skin by a special needle, and secured by tying the 

 ends of the tape together, or by attaching to each end of the tape a 

 small piece of wood or a pledget of cloth. The tape should be moved 

 and dressed with some antiseptic oil twice a week. 



1098. Slinging. — This method of giving mechanical support to the horse is 

 frequently resorted to. The slings should be made of good strong double 

 canvas, about 5 feet long and 2 feet 6 inches wide, and fixed at each 

 end to a horizontal bar of wood or iron, with loops or rings at each 

 end of the two bars, to which ropes, chains, or pulleys are attached, 

 and fixed to overhead beams. A good strong, broad leather breast and 

 neck strap and broad breeching band behind are required to keep the 

 patient in its place. It is not necessary to suspend the animal ; the 

 slings are only for support, and to keep the patient steady and prevent it 

 falling. This appliance is of great service in cases of tetanus or when 

 extensive injury has been done to the limbs or other portions of the body. 

 A good strong indiarubber bag or bed filled with air and placed in the 

 centre and sides of the slings affords great comfort to the patient, and 

 prevents chafing of the skin. 



