P R E r^ A C E . 



The work, of which the present little volume forms 

 the first part, has heen undertaken, at the suggestion 

 of several eminent educationists, to supply a pal2mble 

 want. The works on Botany, many of them of great 

 excellence, which have found their way into this 

 country, have been prepared with reference to climates 

 diifering, in some cases, very widely from our own. 

 They consequently contain accounts of many plants 

 which are entirely foreign to Canada, thus obstructing 

 the search for descriptions of those which happen to be 

 common to our own and other countries ; and, on the 

 other hand, many of our Canadian species are not men- 

 tioned at all in some of the Classifications which have 

 been in use. It is believed that the Classification which 

 is to form the second part of this work will be found to 

 contain all the commonly occurring species of the 

 Provinces whose floras it is designed to illustrate, with- 

 out being burdened with those which are either ex- 

 tremely rare, or which do not occur in Canada at all. 



The present Part is designed to teach the Elements 

 of Structural Botany in accordance with a method which 

 is believed to be more rational than that commonly 

 adopted ; and it will be found to supply all that is 

 requisite for passing the examinations for Teachers' 

 Certificates of all grades, as well as any others demand- 

 ing an elementary knowledge of the subject. It 

 contains familiar descrijjtions of common j)lants, illus- 

 trating the chief variations in plant-structure, with a view 

 to laying a foundation for the intelligent study of 

 Systematic Botany with the aid of the second part; 

 then follow a few lessons on Morphology ; and the 



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