APPENDIX. 



S-elcrtiuns from C!j*am.tiiiitron papers. 



UNIVEESITY OF TORONTO. 



1. Define suckers, Btolons, offsets, runners, tendrils, 

 thorns, and prickles, describing their resijective origins 

 and uses, and giving examjiles of plants in which they 

 occur 



2. What are the functions of leaves ? Describe the 

 different kinds of compound leaves. 



3. What is meant by inflorescence ? Describe the 

 diflerent kinds of flower-clusters, giving an example of 

 each. 



4. Mention and exjilain the terms applied to the 

 various modes of insertion of stamens. 



6. How are fruits classified ? What are multiple or 

 collective fruits ? Give examples. 



6. Relate the differences in structure between endo- 

 genous and exogenous stems. Describe their respective 

 modes of growth. 



7. What is the food of plants ? how do they obtain 

 it ? and how do they make use of it ? 



8. Describe the component parts of a simple flower. 

 How is reproduction effected ? 



9. Describe the anatomical structure of a leaf, and 

 the formation and office of leaf-stomata. 



10. Explain the consequences of flowering upon the 

 health of a plant, and shew how these effects are reme- 

 died in different climates. What practical bearing has 

 this upon horticulture ? 



11. Trace the development of a carpel from a leaf. 

 Describe the different forms assumed by placeute in 



