138 APPENDIX. 



"provido a stock of nourishment to begin the new 

 growth.' 



19. Describe fully the organs of reproduction in a 

 plant. Describe tlie process of germination. 



20. What are the parts of a flower ? Give illustra- 

 tions by diagram, with a full description. 



21. Name and describe the principal sorts of flowers. 



22. What elementary substances should the soil con- 

 tain for the nourishment of plants ? 



23. How are plants nourished before and after 

 appearing above ground ? 



24. Tell what you know about the various forms of 

 the calyx and the corolla. 



25. Explain the terms Cotyledon, Pinnate, Root- 

 stock, Filament, and Eadicle. 



2G. Explain the terms Papilionaceous, Cruciferous, 

 Silique, and Syngenesious ; and in each case name a 

 family in the description of which the term under con- 

 sideration may be properly applied. 



27. Give the characters of tlie Rose family. 



28. Describe the various modes in which biennials 

 store up nourishment during their first season. 



29. Explain the meaning of the terms Sepal, Bract, 

 Raceme, and Stipule. Describe minutely the Stamen 

 and the Pistil, and give the names api^lied to their 

 I)arts. 



30. Are the portions of the onion, the jiotato, and the 

 turnip which are capable of preservation through the 

 winter, equally entitled to the name of roots ? Give 

 reasons for vour answer. 



FIRST CLASS CERTIFICATES. 



1 . What are the cotyledons ? Describe their func- 

 tions, &c. State their value in systematic botany. 



2. Describe the difference in structure and modes ol 

 growth of exogenous and endogenous stems. 



8. Describe tlie circulation in plants. " In the act 

 of making vegetable matter, plants purify the air foi 

 animals." Explain this fully. 



