THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 155 
town second to none in Europe, it has sunk to a provincial 
town with barely thirty thousand inhabitants. 
This is not, however, the place to enlarge upon the historical 
features of bye-gone times; and my endeavour now will be to 
enumerate, as far as the experience of a single season will 
allow me, the Lepidopterous insects to be met with in the 
district. 
The greater part of Liibeck territory (one hundred and ten 
square miles in all) consists of forests. These are of two 
kinds: the pine forests, which consist of large tracts of land 
planted with the common pine (Pinus sylvestris), interspersed 
here and there with small clumps of larch, and intersected 
with rough grassy roads; and secondly, woods, more like 
those we are accustomed to see in England, composed 
entirely of deciduous trees, with wide breadths of underwood 
flourishing beneath them. One misses, however, the gigantic 
form of the lord of the English forest—the oak, which never 
attains the size it reaches in England; but this is in part 
compensated for by the maguificent lime trees to be found 
commonly in the neighbourhood, and of dimensions which we 
never meet with in this country. 
With these few cursory observations I will proceed with 
my subject; but I would first remark that the list which 
follows is far from large, and must not be taken by any 
means as exhaustive of the subject; still, as far as it goes, I 
think reliance may be placed upon it, as nothing is stated 
excepting from my own experience, or on authority which I 
know to be unimpeachable. The Noctuze named are few in 
number: this is owing to my not having had recourse to 
sugaring; had I followed out this method, without doubt the 
number of species would have been considerably augmented. 
Commencing then with Diurni, the first on the list is— 
Argynnis Paphia.—Abundant in woods. J had the good 
fortune to capture a specimen of the dark variety, Valezina: 
this is far from common. 
A. Aglaia.—Common in grassy openings in the woods; 
flying only in hot sunshine. 
A. Niobe.—Local, and in no particular abundance. 
A. Adippe.—Common. 
A. Lathonia.—Common everywhere; quite a garden in- 
sect; where met with in woods preferring rough pieces of 
