218 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
pierced by the perfect insect in the ensuing spring. How- 
ever, I am uot quite certain about this matter.—G@. LZ. Mayr. 
Synergus melanopus, S. pallicornis, and Ceroptres arator, 
are mentioned by Dr. Mayr as the inquilines of this gall; 
they all appear in May, the second year.—Francis Walker. 
17. Cynips tinctoria.—This species 
Fig. 17. furnishes the Levantine ink-galls of com- 
merce, but the galls we receive from 
Turkey differ in size and colour from 
those which grow in Central Europe. 
The gall in this neighbourhood is very 
much like small specimens of the last- 
described gall. It is from ten to fifteen 
millemetres in diameter, of a reddish brown 
colour, bare, and beset with subglobular, 
wart-like excrescences. It consists of a 
dense reddish brown reticulation, and 
grows together with the inner gall, which 
is woody, of a light yellowish colour, and 
well defined. It grows out of the axils of 
a shrubby form of Quercus subsessiliflora 
Bi ciig ki e pubescens. In the latter end of 
and in section), autumn it is no longer firmly attached to 
the branch; therefore a great number are 
detached by the winter winds; nevertheless, some remain 
on the twigs until the spring. The perfect insect emerges in 
the spring. —G, L, Mayr. 
Six species of Synergus are enumerated by Dr. Mayr as 
the associates of Cynips tinctoria, S. melanopus, Reinhardti, 
pallidipennis, Hayneanus, pallicornis, and vulgaris. The 
three following appear in the second year:—S. Reinhardti in 
June, S. pallicornis in May, S. vulgaris in March. Dr. 
Mayr meutions Callimome regius as the parasite of Cynips 
tinctoriaa—Francis Walker. 
Sphinx Convolvuli at Maidenhead.—It may interest some 
of your readers to learn that I took a fine male 8. Convolvuli, 
on the morning of the 9th of September, at Maidenhead. I 
have never heard of one being caught here before—W. 
Harper ; Norfolk Road, Maidenhead, Berks, Sept. 12, 1874. 
